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ch6socterms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| social stratification | the division of society into groups arranged in a social hierarchy |
| social inequality | the unequal distribution of wealth, power, or prestige among members of society |
| slavery | the most extreme form of social stratification, based on the legal ownership of people; can be mental, physical, or monetary |
| caste system | a form of social stratification in which status is determined be one's family history and background and cannot be changed |
| apartheid | the system of segregation of racial and ethnic groups that was legal in South Africa between 1948-1991 |
| social class | a system of stratification based on access to such resources as wealth, property, power, and prestige |
| socioeconomic status | a measure of an individual's place within a social class system; often used interchangeably with class |
| upper class | a largely self-sustaining group of the wealthiest people in a class system |
| upper-middle class | mostly professionals and managers who enjoy considerable financial stability |
| middle class | composed primarily of "white collar" workers with a broad range of incomes |
| white collar | a description characterizing workers and skilled laborers in technical and lower-management jobs |
| working class/lower- middle class | mostly "blue-collar" or service industry workers who are less likely to have a college degree |
| blue collar | a description characterizing workers who perform manuel labor |
| working poor | poorly educated workers who work full-time but remain below the poverty line |
| underclass | the poorest Americans who are chronically unemployed and may depend on public or private assistance |
| status inconsistency | a situation in which there are serious differences between the different elements of an individual's socioeconomic status |
| feudal system | a system of social stratification based on a hereditary nobility who were responsible for and served by a lowers stratum of forced laborers called serfs |
| wealth | a measure of net worth that includes income, property, and other assets |
| prestige | the social honor people are given because of their membership in well-regarded social groups |
| social reproduction | the tendency of social classes to remain relatively stable as social class status is passed down from one generation to the next |
| cultural capital | the tastes, habits, expectations, skills, knowledge and other cultural dispositions that help us gain advantages in society |
| everyday class consciousness | awareness of one's own social status and that of others |
| social mobility | the movement of individuals or groups within the hierarchal system of social classes |
| closed system | a social system with very little opportunity to move from one class to another |
| open system | a social system with ample opportunities to move from one class to another |
| intergenerational mobility | movement between social classes that occurs during the course of an individual's lifetime |
| horizontal social mobility | the occupational movement of individuals of groups within a social class |
| vertical social mobility | the movement between different class statuses, often called either upward mobility or downward mobility |
| structural mobility | changes in the social status of large numbers of people due to structural changes in society |
| relative deprivation | a relative measure of poverty based on the standard of living in a particular society |
Created by:
dallaskis