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Respiratory System 7

Medical Terms

QuestionAnswer
aphonia Loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds.
alveoli Air sacs, grape-like clusters found at the end of each bronchiole, that exchange gases with the pulmonary capillary blood.
anoxia The absence of oxygen from the body's tissues and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood.
antitussive Medication administered to prevent or relieve coughing.
aphonia The loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds.
asbestosis Caused by asbestos particles in the lungs.
asphyxia The loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function.
asthma Chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes, often triggered by an allergic reaction.
atelectasis The incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax.
bradypnea Abnormally slow rate of respiration.
bronchodilator Medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs.
bronchorrhea Excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi.
bronchoscopy Visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope.
bronchospasm A contraction of the smooth muscles in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles, tightening and squeezing the airway shut.
Cheyne-Stokes Respiration Irregular pattern of breathing; alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea.
croup Acute respiratory infection in children/infants; obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness and swelling of vocal chords; results in a barking cough and stridor.
cyanosis Abnormal blue discoloration due to the lack of oxygen in the blood.
cystic fibrosis Life-threatening genetic disorder in which lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus.
diphtheria Acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract.
dysphonia Difficulty in speaking, which may include any impairment in vocal quality.
dyspnea Difficult or labored breathing.
emphysema Progressive long-term loss of lung function.
empyema Accumulation of pus in a body cavity.
endotracheal intubation Passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway.
epiglottis Closes off the trachea during swallowing.
epistaxis Bleeding from the nose.
fibros fibrous connective tissue.
hemoptysis Expectoration of blood or bloodstained sputum as a result of a pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage.
hemothorax Collection of blood in the pleural cavity.
hypercapnia The abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood.
hyperpnea Breathing that is deeper and more rapid than is normal at rest.
hypopnea Shallow or slow respiration.
hpoxemia Condition of having low oxygen levels in the blood.
hypoxia Condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body tissues and organs; less severe than anoxia.
laryngectomy The surgical removal of the larynx.
laryngitis Inflammation of the larynx.
laryngectomy The surgical removal of the larynx.
laryngoscopy The visual examination of the larynx and vocal cords using a laryngoscope.
laryngospasm The sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx.
laryngotomy A surgical incision into the larynx.
larynx The voice box-a triangular chamber located between the pharynx and the trachea
mediastinum Middle section of the chest cavity which contains heart, esophogas, trachea, bronchi, thymus gland and lymph nodes.
nebulizer Electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through liquid medicine turning it into a mist that is inhaled via a face mask or mouth piece.
olfactory receptors Nerve endings that act as as the receptors for the sense of smell.
orbital The eye.
Otolaryngologist The specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and disorders of the head and neck.
pertussis Whooping cough-a contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough followed by breathless and noisy inspiration.
pharyngitis Inflammation of the pharynx.
phlegm Thick mucus secreted by the tissue lining of the respiratory passages.
pleurisy Inflammation of the pleura that produces sharp chest pain with each breath.
pleurodynia A sharp pain from the rubbing together of inflamed membranes with inhalation.
pneumoconiosis Fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs after prolonged environment or occupational contact.
pneumonectomy Surgical removal of all or part of a lung.
pneumonia Serious infection or inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passsages fill with pus and other liquid.
pneumothorax Accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partiall collapse.
polysomnography Diagnostic measurement of physological activity during sleep.
Pulmonologist A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the respiratory system.
pulse oximeter External monitor that measures the oxygen saturation level in the body.
pyothorax Presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of pleural membranes
pulmonary edema An accumulation of fluid in lung tissues.
pulmonary embolism The sudden blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by an embolus.
pneumorrhagia Bleeding from the lungs.
broncopneumonia A localized pneumonia that often affects the bronchioles.
lobar pneumonia Affects larger aras of the lungs, often including one or more sections, or lobes, of a lung.
aspiration pneumonia Can occur when a foreign substance is inhaled into the lungs.
bacterial pneumonia Most commonly caused by Streptococcus pneumonia and is the only form of pneumonia that can be prevented by a vaccination.
community-acquired pneumonia A type of pneumonia that results from contagious infection outside of a hospital or clinic.
nosocomial pneumonia Hospital-acquired pneumonia.
mycoplasma pneumonia Walking pneumonia--caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
pneumocystis pneumonia An opportunistic infection caused by the yeast-like fungus Pneumocystis carinii.
viral pneumonia Caused by several different types of viruses.
interstitial lung disease Refers to a group of almost 200 disorders that cause inflammation and scarring of the alveoli and their supporting structures.
pulmonary fibrosis The progressive formation of scar tissue in the lung, decreasing lung capacity and increased difficulty in breathing.
anthrocosis Caused by coal dust in the lungs.
silicosis Caused by inhaling silica dust in the lungs.
eupnea Normal breathing.
apnea The temporary absence of spontaneous respiration.
tachypnea An abnormally rapid rate of respiration usually of more than 20 breaths per minute.
hyperventilation An abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration that is usualy associated with anxiety.
sleep apnea A disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep long enough to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen levels.
respiratory failure A condition in which the level of oxygen in the blood becomes dangerously low or level of carbon dioxide become dangerously high.
smoke inhalation Damage to the lungs in which particles from a fire coat the alveoli and prevent normal exchange of gases.
spirometer Recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled.
thoracentesis Surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity.
thoracotomy Surgical incision into the chest wall to open the pleural caivty for biopsy or treatment.
tracheostomy Surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea in order to insert a tube to facilitate breathing.
tracheotomy Emergency procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage.
tuberculosis Infectious lung disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually attack the lungs.
frontal sinuses Sinuses located in the frontal bone above the eyebrows--an infection can cause sever pain in this area.
sphenoid sinuses Sinuses located in the sphenoid bone behind the eye--an infection can damage vision.
maxillary sinuses Sinuses located in the maxillary bones, under the eyes. The largest paranasal sinuses--an infection can cause pain in the posterior maxillary teeth.
ethmoid sinuses Sinuses located in the ethmoid bones between the nose and eyes.
paranasal sinuses Air-filled cavities lined with mucous membranes--located in the bones of the skull.
airway inflammation The swelling and clogging of the bronchial tubes with mucus.
allergic rhinitis An allergic reaction to an airborne allergen that causes an increased flow of mucus.
influenza Flu--an acute, highly contagious viral infection, spread by respiratory droplets, characterized by respiratory inflammation, fever, chills and muscle pain.
rhinorrhea The watery flow of mucus from the nose.
sinusitis An inflammation of the sinuses.
chronic bronchitis Inflammation of the bronchial walls.
Created by: name1
 

 



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