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Physics Chapter 5
Physics Chapter 5 Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The product of the component of a force along the direction of displacement and the magnitude of the displacement (W=Fd) | Work |
| When is work done on an object? | When a force causes a displacement of the object |
| Work is only performed when? | When components of a force are parallel to a displacement |
| If the angle between the force and the direction of the displacement is θ, work can be expressed how? | W=Fdcosθ (net work= net force X displacement X cosine of the angle between them) |
| If θ=0°... | Then cos0°=1 and W=Fd |
| If θ=90°... | Then cos90°=0 and W=0 |
| In the SI system, work has the units of what? | Newtons times meters (N•m) or joules (J) |
| The energy of an object that is due to the objects motion (KE=1/2mv^2) (Kinetic energy depends on speed and mass) | Kinetic Energy |
| What does Vi stand for? | Initial Velocity |
| What does Vf stand for? | Final Velocity |
| If a cart is displaced a distance of ∆x, the work done by F during the displacement is? | Wnet=F∆x=ma∆x |
| When you studied one-dimensional motion, you learned the following relationship holds when an object undergoes constant acceleration. | vf^2=vi^2+2a∆x a∆x=(Vf^2-Vi^2)/2 |
| The net work done by all the forces acting on an object is equal to the change in the object's kinetic energy (Wnet=∆KE net work=change in kinetic energy) (The net work done on a body equals its change in kinetic energy) | Work-kinetic energy theorem |
| The energy associated with an object because of the position, shape, or condition of the object (Stored energy) | Potential Energy |
| The potential energy stored in the gravitational fields of interacting bodies (Gravitational potential energy depends on height from a zero level)(PEg=mgh gravitational potential Energy=mass X free fall acceleration X height) | Gravitational Potential Energy |
| The energy available for use when a deformed elastic object returns to its original configuration (Depends on distance compressed or stretched)PEelastic=1/2kx^2 elastic potential energy= 1/2 X spring constant X (distance compressed or stretched)^2 | Elastic Potential Energy |
| A parameter that is a measure of a spring's resistance to being compressed or stretched | Spring Constant |
| The sum of kinetic energy and all forms of potential energy (ME= KE+∑PE)(Often conserved) | Mechanical Energy |
| The absence of friction, the total mechanical energy remains the same (MEi= MEf) [Initial mechanical energy= final mechanical energy(in the absence of friction)] | Conservation of Mechanical Energy |
| Occurs even when acceleration varies | Energy Conservation |
| Not conserved in the presence of friction | Mechanical Energy |
| A quantity that measures the rate at which work is done or energy is transformed (P= W/∆t Power=work/ time interval) | Power |
| P=Fv (power= force X speed) | Power (Alternative Form) |
Created by:
K.W