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9 Chemistry
key terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | Anything that has mass and occupies space |
| Physical property | A property that can be observed in a substance such as color or state |
| Chemical property | The way a substance reacts with other substances |
| Physical change | A change of the physical property of a substance so no new substance is made |
| Chemical change | When a new substance is made by altering one or more substance |
| Atom | The smallest particle of an element that holds the identity of that substance |
| Pure substance | Something that has only one kind of particle |
| Element | A pure substance that can not be broken down further through chemical methods |
| Molecule | A group of two or more substances held togeather thorugh a chemical bond |
| Compound | A pure substance made up of two or more elements |
| Qualitative physical properties | A property that can be described not measured like odor |
| Quantitative physical properties | A property of a substance that can be measured such as height |
| Density | A mass to volume ratio of a substance |
| Malleability | The ability of a substance to be hammered into thin sheets |
| Solubility | The ability for a solute to mix with a solvent |
| Viscosity | The ease at which particles in a substance slide past one another |
| Melting point | The temperature at which a substance turns liquid |
| Boiling point | The temperature at which a substance turns gas |
| State | Whether a substance is solid, liquid, or gas |
| Lustre | The amount of shine a substance has |
| Clarity | How transparent a substance is |
| Ductility | The ability to be stretched into a wire |
| Conductivity | The ability of a substance to transmit heat,sound or electricity |
| Brittleness | The ability of an object to break apart or shatter |
| Hardness | The resistance of a substance to being scratched |
| Particle Theory of Matter | A theory that explains how matter behaves |
| Energy Shells/ Orbitals | The orbit in which electrons circle the nucleus |
| Noble gases | The last group on the periodic table the have 8 valance electrons. |
| Alkali metals | The first group on the periodic table they have one valance electron |
| Alkaline earth metals | The second group of the periodic table they have 2 valance electrons |
| Metals | Are good conductors and malleable to the left of the staircase |
| Non-metals | Good insulators located to the right of the staircase |
| Metalloids | Substances that have characteristics of metals and nonmetals in the staircase of the periodic table |
| Halogens | The 7th group in the periodic table they have 7 valance elcetrons |
| Periods of the periodic table | Horizontal rows in the periodic table have the same number of energy levels |
| Groups of the periodic table | Vertical rows in the periodic table have the same number of valance electrons |
| Electron | A negatively charged particle within a substance |
| Proton | A positively charged substance that is a part of every atomic nucleus |
| Neutron | An uncharged particle within the nucleus that is a part of almost every particle |
| Nucleus | The center part of an atom where the protons and neutrons are |
| Valence electrons | The number of electrons on the outer most orbital |
| Atomic number | The number of protons in an element |
| Mass number | the total number of neutrons added to the total number of protons |
| Ion | A atom that's number of electrons has been has been changed so it's now positively or negatively charged |
| Anion | A negativity charge ion |
| Cation | A positively charged ion |
Created by:
amomi
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