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Insulins

NU122 Insulins

QuestionAnswer
Types of Insulins - Rapid-acting - Short-acting - Intermediate-acting - Long-acting - Very Long-acting
Rapid-acting Insulin - have onset of 5 - 15 minutes - Peak action of 1 hour - duration of 2-4 hours - person should eat no more than 5 - 15 min after injection.
Names of Rapid-acting Insulins - Lispro(Humalog) - Aspart(Novolog) - Glusine(Apidra)
Lispro(Humalog) - Onset 10 - 15 min. - Peak 1 hour - Duration 3 hours
Aspart(Novolog) - Onset 10 - 15 min. - Peak 40 - 50 min. - Duration 4 - 6 hours
Glusine(Apidra) - Onset 5 - 15 min. - Peak 30 - 60 min. - Duration 2 hours
Indications for Rapid Acting Insulins - Used for rapid reduction of glucose levels - to treat postprandial hyperglycemia - to prevent nocturnal hypoglycemia
Short-acting Insulins - Onset 30 min - 1 hr. - Peak 2 - 3 hours - Duration 4 - 6 hours - clear solution and should be admin. 20 - 30 minutes before meal either alone or with longer-acting insulin
Names of Short-acting Insulins - Regular - Humalog R - Novolin R - Iletin II Regular
Regular(Humalog R, Novolin R, Iletin II R) - Onset 30 min - 1 hr. - Peak 2 - 3 hours - Duration 4 - 6 hours
Indications for short-acting Insulins - Usually given 20 - 30 min before a meal - may be taken alone or in combination with longer acting insulin
Intermediate-acting Insulin - Called NPH(Neutral Protamine Hegedorn) or Lente - Onset 3 - 4 hours - Peak 4 - 13 hours - Duration 16 - 20 hours - Appear white or cloudy
Names of Intermediate-acting Insulins - NPH(Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) - Humulin N - Iletin II Lente - Iletin II NPH - Novolin L(Lente) - Novolin N(NPH)
NPH - Onset 2 - 4 hr. - Peak 6 - 12 hrs. - Duration 16 - 20 hours.
Humulin N, Iletin II Lente, Iletin II NPH, Novolin L, Novolin N - Onset 3 - 4 hours - Peak 6 - 12 hours. - Duration 16 - 20 hrs.
Indications for Intermediate-acting Insulin - If NPH or Lente insulin is taken alone if is not crucial that it be taken 30 minutes before meal - Important for patient to eat some food around the time of onset and peak
Long-acting Insulins - Called Ultralente - referred to as peakless insulins because they tend to have a long slow sustained action - Onset 6 - 8 hours - peak 12 - 16 hours - Duration 20 - 30 hours
Names of Long-acting Insulins - Ultralente (UL)
Indications of Long-acting Insulins - Used primarily to control fasting glucose levels.
Very long-acting Insulins - Peakless basal insulin - glargine(Lantus) - approved for basal insulin - absorbed very slowly over 24 hrs. - give once a day - has a pH of 4 so it cannot be mixed with any other insulin.
Names of Very Long-acting Insulins - Glargine(Lantus)
Glargine(Lantus) - Onset 1 ht - Peak Conitnuous No Peak - Duration 24 hours
Indications of Very Long-acting Insulins - Used for basal dose - Given once a day at bedtime - cannot be mixed with other insulin will cause precipitation
How often does the pancreas release insulin - Every 10 - 15 minutes
Long Acting Basal Insulin - Body Normally secretes insulin q 10 - 12 minutes to control hepatic glucose production. - This is unrelated to meal intake
Nutritional Insulin - Body Normally secretes rapid acting insulin in response to meal time carbohydrate intake
Correction Insulin - Insulin given to treat acute elevations in blood glucose. - This is also known as sliding scale insulin
Rainbow Coverage insulin Therapy - Regular or humalog insulin is given on a sliding scale depending on the blood glucose level. - Higher the Blood Glucose level the more units of insulin given.
What are the sites for insulin injection - Abdomen - Arm - Thigh
What insulin can be given by IV - Regular only
What Insulin cannot be mixed with any other in the same syringe - Lantus - levemir
What can be mixed with NPH but must be injected immediately - Apidra - Regular - Humalog - Novolog
Mixing Insulins - Air into Cloudy (Long Acting) - Air into Clear (Short Acting) - Draw Up Clear (Short Acting) - Draw Up Cloudy (Long Acting)
Insulin Safety - Write out the word "Units" - All insulin admin must be double checked by a second nurse - Insulin orders must be time specific
Created by: saraken2007
 

 



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