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Psychology
Chapter 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Developmental Psychology | the branch of psychology that studies the emotional, physical, and social changes that occur |
| Maturation | the internally programmed growth of a child that occurs as a results of automatic determined signals |
| Telegraphic speech | verbal utterances offered by young children in which articles, prepositions |
| Schema | Mental framework a person uses to organize and make sense of the world |
| Assimilation | the process of fitting objects and experiences into one's schemas |
| Accommodation | the process by which a person changes his or her old methods or schemas to adjust or deal with situations |
| Object permanence | a child's realization that an object exists even when he or she cannot see, hear, or touch it |
| Representational thought | the intellectual ability of a child to picture something in his or her mind |
| Conservation | the principle that a given quantity doesn't change when its appearance changes. |
| Egocentric | a young child's inability to understand another person's perspective |
| Imprinting | inherited tendencies or responses that are displayed by newborn animals when they encounter new stimuli |
| Critical period | stage or point in development when certain skills or abilities are most easily learned |
| Authoritarian family | family in which parents attempt to control |
| Democratic family | family in which adolescents participate in decisions affecting their lives |
| Permissive family | family in which the children have the final say |
| Socialization | the process of learning in which the organism observes explores, and imitates the behavior of others |
| Identification | in psychoanalytic theory, the process by which a child adopts the values and principles of the same sex parent. |
| Sublimation | the process of redirecting sexual impulses into learning tasks |
| Role taking | an important aspect of children's play that involves assuming adult roles. |
| sensorimotor stage | infant usues schemas that primarily involve his/her body and sensations |
| preoperational stage | child begins to use mental images/symbols to understand things |
| concrete operations | children are able to use logical schemas but their understanding is limited to concrete objects |
| formal operations | person is able to solve abstract problems (religion) |