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Interest Groups Govt
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A _______ is an organized group of individuals sharing common objectives who actively attempt to influence policymakers in all 3 branches of governement and at all levels. | Interest group |
| Interest groups send _______ to Congress to persuade their decisions. | Lobbyist |
| A _______ is an organization or individual who attemots to influence the passes, defeat or contents of legislation and the admistrative decisons of government. | Lobbyists |
| How many interest group and lobbyist associations in the US? | Hundreds of thousands |
| (Under Interest Groups: A National Phenomenon) Interest groups are often spawned by mass _______ | Social Movements |
| (Under Interest Groups: A National Phenomenon) ________ is a movement that represents the demands of a large segment of the public for political, economic or social change | Social Movement |
| (Under Interest Groups: A National Phenomenon) There are so many interest groups because? | The constitution gives us the right to assembly and petition |
| (Under Interest Groups: A National Phenomenon) Pluralists point to the _______ of the American political structure as a major factor in the power of groups in American politics | Openness |
| (Under Why Do Americans Join Interest Groups) T or F: Some Americans choose to join interest groups while many do not? | True |
| (Under Why Do Americans Join Interest Groups) ________ are public policy interest that are not recongized or addressed by a group at a particular time. | Latent interesents |
| (Under Why Do Americans Join Interest Groups)_______ is referred to as the difficulty interest groups fact in recruiting members when the benefits can be obtained without joining | Free rider problem |
| (Under Why Do Americans Join Interest Groups) _______: A reason or motive having to do with the desire to share with others a particular interest or hobby | Solitarity Incentives |
| (Under Why Do Americans Join Interest Groups) _______ is a reason or motive having to do with economic benefits or opportunities | Material Incentives |
| (Under Why Do Americans Join Interest Groups) _______ is a reason or mative having to do with ethical beliefs or ideological principles | Purposive Incentives |
| (Under Why Do Americans Join Interest Groups) What are some reasons as to why Americans join interest groups? | Solitarity Incentives, Material Incentives and Purposive Incentives |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups) What are the major types of interest groups? | Economic Interest Groups, Environmental Groups, Public-Interest Groups, Special Interest Groups |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Economic Interest Groups) _______: They are likely to agree on anything that reduces government regulations or taxation. Example? | Business Interest Groups; The Chamber of Commerce |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Economic Interest Groups) _______: Farmers represent less than 2% of the US population, but they have a large influence on legislation beneficial to their interest. Example? What is the larges agricultural subsidy act ever | Agricultral Interest Groups; The National SOybean Assoication; The Farm Security and Rural Investment Act signed by Bush in May 2002 |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Economic Interest Groups) _______: Interst groups representing the labor movement, generally, the full range of economic and political expression of working class interest. Example? | American Federation of Labor (AFL) which joined with the Congress of Industrial Organization (CIOC) and formed the largest labor group |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Economic Interest Groups: Labor Interest Groups) When do labor group date back to at least and with the formation of what group? | 1886; formation of American Federtion of Labor (AFL) |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Economic Interest Groups: Labor Interest Groups) What is the largest Labor group? | The AFL and CIOC (When they merged) |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Economic Interest Groups: Labor Interest Groups) The role of union in American society has _______ and there has been a _______ in union membership. Why? | Weakened; Decline; The rise of automation and the service sector (food services, insurances and education contributed |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Economic Interest Groups) _______: While labor Unions are declining, these are increasing. Examples? | Public Employee Interest Groups; American Federation of Teachers (AFT) and National Educators Association (NEA) |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Economic Interest Groups) _______: (American Medical Association (AMA) and the American Bar Association (ABA) are examples | Interest Groups of Professionals |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Economic Interest Groups) What are the types of interest groups under Economic Interest Groups? | Business Interest Groups, Agricultual Interest Groups, Labor Interest Groups, Public Employee Interest Groups, Professionals Interest Groups |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Environmental Groups) What are some examples of Enviromental Interest Groups? | The National Audobon Society and the National Wildlife Federation |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: _______: Public interst is the best interests of the collective, overall community; the national good, rather than the narrow interests of a self-serving group. | Public-Interest Group |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups: Public Interest Group) What are some examples of Public Interst Groups and when were they present? | Common Cause founded in 1968, The American Civil Liberties Union which dates back to WWI enters into the legal disputes related to the Bill of Rights |
| (Under Types of Interest Groups) _______: They are narrowly focused and their members tend to care intensely about the issues. Example? | Special Interest Groups; The National Rifle Association |
| (Under What Makes an INterest Group Powerful?) What are the things that make an interest group powerful? | Size and Resources, Leadership, and Cohesiveness |
| (Under What Makes an INterest Group Powerful?)___: Having a large number of members even if the individual membership dues is small, provides an organization with a strong _______. These funds pay for _______ that help an IG makes its point to politicans | Financial base; lobbyist, TV ads, mailing to members, a website, and many other resources |
| (Under What Makes an INterest Group Powerful?) _______: choosing a leader with a particular image can be an effective strategy for an organization | Leadership |
| (Under What Makes an INterest Group Powerful?) _______: the motivation of an interst group's members is a key factor in determining how powerful it is | Cohesiveness |
| (Under INterest Group Strategies) The key to success for interes groups is the ability to _______ | Have access to government officials |
| (Under INterest Group Strategies) What are the direct techniques that are interest group strategies? | Lobbying Techniques, The Rating Game, Building Allainces, Campaign Assistance |
| (Under INterest Group Strategies: Direct Techniques) _______: the term lobbying comes from the activities of private citizens regularly congregating in the lobbies of legislative chambers before a session to petition legislators | Lobbying Techniques |
| (Under INterest Group Strategies: Direct Techniques) _______: Many interest groups attempt to influence the overall behavior of legislators though their rating systems. Their schores are based on how many times they vote for the group's issues | The Rating Game |
| (Under INterest Group Strategies: Direct Techniques) _______: Interest groups form coalitions wiht other interest groups concerned abou the same legislation | Building Alliances |
| (Under INterest Group Strategies: Direct Techniques) _______: Groups recognize that the greatest concern of legislators is to be reelected, so they focus on legislators' campaign needs | Campaign Assistance |
| (Under INterest Groups) What are the indirect techniques used for interest group strategies? | Generating Public pressure, Using consitituents as lobbyist |
| (Under INterest Group Strategies) _______ mask the interest group's own activities and make the effort appear to be spontaneous | Indirect Techniques |
| (Under INterest Group Strategies: Indirect Techniques) _______: such efforts many include ads in national magazines and newpapers, massing mailings, TV publicity and demonstrations. | Generating Public Pressure |
| (Interest Group Strategies:Indirect Techniques:Generating Public Pressure)Some IG may engage in a practice called ____ whihc is the use of public relations techniques to creat favorable public opinion towards an interest group,industry,or corporation | Climate Control |
| (Under INterest Group Strategies: Indirect Techniques) _______: THis is one of the most effective interest group activities. they interst group tries to mobilize large numbers of voters to write, phone or send emails to their legislators or the president | Using Constituents as lobbyists |
| (Under INterest Groups and Campaign Money) T or F: Interst groups funnel money to candidates through several devices | True |
| (Under INterest Groups and Campaign Money) What are some of the ways interest groups funnel monwy to candidates? | Political Action Committees, Soft money, Issue Advocacy Advertising |
| (Under INterest Groups and Campaign Money) _______: A committee setup by and representing a corporation, labor union, or special interst group; they raise money and give campaign conntributions on behalf of the organizations or groups they represent | Political Action Committees (PACs) |
| (Under INterest Groups and Campaign Money: Poltical action committees) Today there are more thatn _______ PACs and their total spending is almost _______. | 4500, $900 million |
| (Under INterest Groups and Campaign Money: Poltical action committees) T of F: Campaign finacning regulation limit the amount that a PAC can give to any one candidate. | True |
| (Under INterest Groups and Campaign Money) _______ Campaign contributions that evade contribution limts by being given to parties an dparty committees to help fund general party activites; was outlawed by the campaign financing reform legisation of 2002 | SOft money |
| (Under INterest Groups and Campaign Money) _______: Advertising paid for by interst groups that support or oppose a candidate or candidate's position on an issue without mentioning voting or elections. | Issue Advocacy Advertising |
| (Under INterest Groups and Campaign Money: Issue Advocacy Advertising) The ____ includes a provision that prohibit issue advocacy groups from airing commericals supporting or opposing candidates ___ before general election & ___ before a primary election | 2002 Campaign Financing Reform Law; 60 days; 3 days |
| (Under Regulating Lobbyists) ________: said that all lobbyist had to register their clients and had to report on their activities. Few actually registered because of the loop hole in the legislation | The Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 |
| (Under Regulating Lobbyists) In _______, more reforms were made to regulate lobbyists. A more ________ definition of lobbyist was written. | 1995; narrower |
| (Under Regulating Lobbyists) The registration requirement applies to organization that spend more than _______ in one year or to individual's who are paid more than ________ annually for their work. There are also limits on gifts | $20,000; $5,000 |
| (Under Interest Groups and Representative Democracy) T or F: It is a question among Americans if politics led by a small, elite group or are they controlled by the struggle between various groups (Elitist or Pluralist?) | True |
| (Under Interest Groups: WHy are they important today?) T or F: The concern over interest groups and their influence over politics has been present in our government's history aince the beginning? | True |
| (Under Interest Groups: Why are they important today?)Interest groups have had influence in politics since the beginning. _______ showed his concern in the federalist's paper NO 10. | James Madison |
| (Under Interest Groups: WHy are they important today?) T or F: Interest groups provide great advantages for our democracy. By participating in such groups, individual citizens are empowered to influence government in ways far beyond the ballot | True |
Created by:
kittybroad