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Chapter 32
Nixon, Ford, Carter
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A series of agreements on European security | Helsinki Accords |
| President Nixon's chief of staff | H. R. Haldeman |
| The Attorney General who approved tapping phones at the Democratic National Committee headquarters | John Mitchell |
| What is an incumbent? | current office holder |
| Explain affirmative action. | to make up for past discrimination against women & minorities by increasing their opportunities in employment & education |
| Analyze the Pentagon Papers. | showed previous presidents deceived us about the real situation in Vietnam |
| law limiting when a President can get involved in foreign conflicts without a formal declaration of war | War Powers Act |
| 'Plumber' hired by Nixon's administration to stop government leaks | G. Gordon Liddy |
| Apollo 11 astronaut ___ said, 'That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.' | Neil Armstrong |
| The basic issue of the 1976 presidential campaign was | trust |
| What incident caused Nixon a lot of problems when he handed over the tapes? | 18 1/2 minute gap |
| Explain how Watergate proved the strength of the balance of powers? | when the executive branch violated the law, the judicial & legislative branches stopped them |
| How did Judge Sirica get the burglars to tell the truth? | sentenced them to long prison sentences; said the sentences could be reduced if they cooperated with Senate hearings |
| spending more money in a year than the government receives in revenues | deficit spending |
| What was the reason Nixon was going to be impeached? | misconduct while in office |
| Describe what the special prosecutor did. | conducted independent investigation of claims of wrong doing |
| Nixon's new partnership between federal and state governments | New Federalism |
| Washington Post reporter who tried to investigate the Watergate coverup | Bob Woodward |
| In 1975, when Ford asked for military aid to try to save South Vietnam, Congress | used the War Powers Act to say no. |
| Gerald Ford pardoned Nixon because | he thought it was the right thing to do. |
| Describe what Daniel Ellsberg did. | gave NY Times huge, secret Pentagon study of Vietnam War |
| Trace the steps that had to take place to remove Nixon from office (3) | Majority of House of Representatives had to vote to impeach; Senate had to have a trial; 2/3 of Senate vote to convict |
| Describe Shuttle Diplomacy | Kissinger got a cease-fire between Israel & Syria |
| Communist leader of China | Mao Zedong |
| President Carter strained relations between the US & the SU by supporting | Soviet dissidents |
| Nixon wanted to use America's friendship with China to | help negotiations with the Soviet Union |
| Describe detente | relaxation in tensions |
| The Plumbers and the Committee to Reelect the President were formed to | ensure an overwhelming victory of Nixon in 1972 |
| Watergate caused many Americans to lose what? | faith & trust in the government |
| Describe realpolitik. | make decisions based on maintaining own strength rather than following moral principles |
| Republican Vice President forced to resign in 1973 | Spiro Agnew |
| Nixon's 'southern strategy' included | easing guidelines for desegregation |
| Nixon was willing to say or do anything to | defeat his many enemies |
| Because of the publication of the Pentagon Papers, Nixon | approved a plan to organize the Plumbers |
| Describe deregulation | reduction or removal of government controls in several industries |
| Nixon thought building more nuclear weapons made little sense because | both had more than enough weapons to destroy their enemy many times over |
| Summarize what happened in the Iran Hostage Crisis | US supported Shah; Islamic fundamentalists took over; Carter let Shah in US for health; Iran took over US embassy, held 444 days; beaten; rescue loses men; Regan pres -lran let them go |
| Judge who sentenced Watergate burglars | John J. Sirica |
| Nixon had the special prosecutor fired when he asked the President to | release secret audiotapes |
| Ford pardoned Nixon because | it was the 'right thing' to do |
| What is China's official title? | People's Republic of China |
| Explain amnesty | general pardon |
| Describe Nixon's Enemies List | list of prominent people seen as unsympathetic to Nixon |
| The Democrats chose ___ as their presidential candidate in 1976 | Jimmy Carter |
| Nixon's greatest accomplishment in foreign affairs was | bringing about detente with the Soviet Union & China |
| Nixon's staff was known for its | unswerving loyalty & support |
| Why did Nixon order the wiretaps? | someone in the National Security Council appeared to have leaked into to NY Times |
| Explain the Limited Test Ban Treaty | no longer test weapons in air but underground testing continued |
| In 1968, the Republicans chose former Vice President ___ as their candidate for President. | Nixon |
| The SALT I treaty proved that | the superpowers could reach agreements relating to arms control |
| Carter assumed the role of peacemaker to negotiate what between Israel & Egypt? | Camp David Accords |
| To halt the growth of government spending, Nixon tried to | cut social programs |
| What did SALT I not do? What did it do? | didn't reduce # of warheads; didn't stop them from improving nuclear weapons; did: ease concerns about arms race & demonstrate willingness of US & SU to work toward common goal |
| Nixon aides responded to the siege mentality in the White House by | making an enemies list |
| Summarize what happened to Edmund Muskie. | broke down on camera due to false letter about him/wife hurt his candidacy |
| As Secretary of State, ___ played a major role in shaping Nixon's foreign policy. | Henry Kissinger |
| Nixon & Brezhnev reached agreement on | weapons, space & trade |
| What did Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education in South Carolina declare? | busing was 1 possible option for ending school segregation |
| Carter outdid previous administrations in the number of | women & minorities he appointed |
| Why did Nixon say the wiretaps were installed? | national security reason & legal at the time |
| ban | embargo |
| OPEC embargo caused | inflation and recession |
| Prevented extension of parts of Voting Rights Act of 1965 | Justice Department |
| Planned to wiretap the Democratic National Headquarters | Committee to Reelect the President |
| How did Sirica get the Buglers to tell the truth? | senteced them to long prison sentences & said sentences could be reduced if they cooperated |
| Watergate proved the strength of the balance of powers | When executive branch violated the law and the judicial & legislative branches stopped them |