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English 8
Poetry Devices
| term | definition | example |
|---|---|---|
| metaphor | an implied or direct comparison is made between two unlike things | Mr. Robertson is the King of the Shawnigan Castle |
| extended metaphor | a comparison between two unlike things is extended to include more than one quality/trait/characteristic | the SLS campus represents a body: Marion Hall is the mouth; the Chapel is the heart; the Hobbies building, the hands and the gym is the legs. |
| simile | a comparison is made between two unlike things using "like", "as" or "than" | The SLS campus is like a postcard |
| personification | a comparison is made by giving human traits to non-human things | The grand statue of the stag welcomed visitors at the School gate |
| hyperbole | Greek for "over shooting". A comparison is made by using exaggeration. This is the tool of comedians | The colossal fireplace in Marion Hall burned an entire old-growth forest in one sitting |
| cliche | a figure of speech that is common, and even over-used | green as grass; white as snow |
| rhyme | a repetition of a group of sounds (not a word) | hurt, blurt, squirt, inert |
| end rhyme | rhymes come at the end of the lines of poetry | Roses are red Unless they are dead |
| internal rhyme | rhymes occur within the line of poetry | Ted used his head and said My Lady & I will wed soon |
| approximate or partial rhyme | rhymes that are not exact, but close | orange and lounge and hinge |
| rhyme scheme | end rhymes are identified by using the same lower case letters. The letters change when the rhyme changes | Roses are red Violets are not What colour they are I must have forgot this poem's rhyme scheme is abcb |
| alliteration | repetition of initial sounds (first letters)in words that are close together | The wind wistfully waved its branches |
| assonance | repetition of vowel sounds in words close together | I threw the grouch outside and he growled |
| consonance | repetition of consonant sounds in words close together | Quick Quincey quietly quoted poems |
| sibilance | repetition of the 's' sound in words close together | Snakes slither slyly over the slippery grass |
| cacophony | harsh discordance of sound | Hacking and chopping she chucked the bones into the cauldron |
| euphony | soothing, pleasing, gentle sounds | velvety elephant ears hear lullabies from mamma |
| onomatopoeia | the naming of a thing or action by imitating the sound associated with it | buzz, hum, splat, crack, popcorn, bark |
| speaker | the voice in the poem, not to be confused with the poet, as they may not necessarily be the same voice | The speaker in Langston Hughs' poem "Crystal Staircase" is a mother, not the poet |
| verse/line | a line of poetry, not to be confused as a sentence | Roses are red Violets are not Above are two verses/lines of poetry |
| stanza | a group of verses/lines of poetry, not to be confused as a paragraph | |
| connotation | the emotions associated with a word | the word RAT is associated with feelings of disease & dirty |
| denotation | the dictionary definition of a word | a RAT is a small, furry rodent with a long tail |
| image | a word picture that appeals to the senses | the tiny, yellow flower wilted from the hot sun |
| irony | when the outcome of the situation is not what is expected | The fireman scurried with a leap and a bound Racing home quickly as it burned to the ground |
| symbol | a concrete thing (a red rose) represents something abstract (love) | My life ain't been no crystal stair! |
| theme | the BIG IDEA (message)that the reader pulls out of the story/poem | You shouldn't stop trying just because you find it hard |
| figurative language or figure of speech | a general term that means comparisons are made between unlike things. There are many specific types of figurative language, such as metaphor, simile, personification, etc. | Mrs. Stroebel is a bookworm |
Created by:
cbellsls
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