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Chapter 5
Integumentary & Body Membranes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the two major types of body membranes? | epithelial and connective |
| what are the two types of epithelial membranes? | cutaneous and serous |
| this membrane is the skin. it is the primary organ of the integumentary system. the largest and most vital? | cutaneous |
| this membrane has two distinct layers of tissue the epithelial sheet and the connective tissue? | serous |
| this is a thin layer of simple squamous epithelium? | the epithelial sheet |
| this forms a very thin glue like basement membrane that holds and supports the epithelial cells? | the connective tissue |
| the serous membrane that lines the walls of a body cavity is called the? | parietal portion |
| the serous membrane that covers the surface of organs found in body cavities? | visceral portion |
| the serous membranes in the thoracic cavity are called? | pleura |
| the serous membranes in the abdominal cavity are called? | peritoneum |
| which membrane secrete a thin watery fluid that serves as a lubricant for organs and the walls of the cavities that contain them? | serous |
| a very painful condition that is inflammation of the serous membrane that lines the chest cavity and cover the lungs? | pleurisy |
| the inflammation of the serous membrane in the abdominal cavity? | peritonitis. sometimes a serious complication of an infected appendix |
| these membranes have epithelial cell and connective tissue, they line body surfaces opening directly to the exterior | mucous membranes. they line the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts. |
| what is the thick slimy material secreted by the epithelial cells that keeps the membranes moist and soft? | mucus |
| the fibrous connective tissue underlying the epithelium in mucous membranes is called? | lamina propria |
| what is the transitional area that serves as a point of fusion where skin and mucous membranes meet? | mucocutaneous junction. |
| examples of the mucocutaneous junction are? | eyelids, lips, nasal openings, vulva, and anus. |
| these membranes do not contain epithelial components? | connective tissue membranes |
| what membranes line the joint capsules that surround and attach the ends of articulating bones in moveable joints? | synovial membranes |
| synovial membranes are smooth and thick and secrete a thick colorless lubricating fluid called? | synovial fluid |
| synovial membranes also line the small cushion like sacs found between many moving body parts called? | bursae |
| one square inch of this can contain 500 sweat glands, 1000 nerve endings, yards of tiny blood vessels, 100 oil glands, 150 sensors for pressure, 75 for heat & 10 for cold, and millions of cells? | skin |
| this is the outermost layer of skin. a relatively thin sheet of stratified squamous epithelium? | epidermis |
| this is the deeper of the two layers it is thicker and is made up of connective tissue? | dermis |
| the layers of skin are supported by a thick layer of loose connective tissue and fat called? | subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis |
| this insulates the body from heat & cold, serves as a stored source of energy, can be used as a food source, shock absorbing pad? | fat in the subcutaneous layer |
| cells of the innermost layer that undergo mitosis and reproduce as they move towards the surface of the skin that enables the skin to repair itself are called? | stratum germinativum |
| one of natures most unique proteins, a tough waterproof material that provides cells in the outer layer of skin with a horny, abrasion resistant protective quality is? | keratin |
| the tough outer layer of the epidermis is called the? | stratum corneum |
| the deepest cell layer of the epidermis is responsible for production of a specialized substance that gives color to the skin what is the substance called? | melanin for skin pigment |
| melanin is produced by specialized cells called? | melanocytes |
| the primary function of ? is to absorb uv rays before it reaches tissues below the outer layers of the epidermis | melanin |
| the area that exists between the epidermal layer and the dermal layer that is a type of basement membrane is called? | dermal - epidermal junction |
| small nipple like bumps that project upwards from the dermis to the epidermis are? | dermal papillae |
| the subcutaneous tissue is often referred to by anatomists as the? | superficial fascia |
| the hair of a newborn is fine and soft and called? | lanugo |
| the few areas of the skin that are hairless are? | lips, palms, soles of feet |
| hair growth begins from a small cap shaped cluster of cells located at the base of the follicle called the? | hair papilla |
| the tiny smooth muscle attached to the base of a dermal papilla is called? | arrector pili |
| things in the skin that make it possible for the body surface to act as a sense organ are? | receptors |
| this is deep in the dermis capable of detecting deep pressure on the skin surface? | lamellar(pacini) corpuscle |
| this is close to the skin surface capable of detecting sensations of light touch? | tactile(meissner) corpuscle |
| these respond to pain? | free nerve endings |
| these detect low frequency vibrations? | bulboid corpuscles(krause end bulbs) |
| accesories of the skin that form when cells fill with keratin and become hard and platelike? | nails |
| the visible part of the nail is the? | nail body |
| the rest of the nail that lies in a groove and is hidden by a fold of skin called the cuticle? | root |
| the crescent shaped white area nearest the root | lunula "little moon" |
| under the nail is a layer of epithelium called the? | nail bed |
| if blood oxygen levels drop and the nail bed turns blue what has developed? | cyanosis |
| what are the two types of skin glands? | sweat or sudoiferous, and sebaceous glands |
| the most numerous, important, and widespread sweat glands in the body that eliminate waste products, perspiration, and help maintain body temperature are? | eccrine sweat glands |
| pin point size openings on the skin that are outlets of small ducts form the eccrine sweat glands are? | pores |
| these found primarily in the skin in the armpit(axilla) and in the pigmented skin areas around the genitals, larger than eccrine glands and produce a thicker secretion are? | apocrine sweat glands |
| these glands secrete oil for hair and skin, they grow where hair grows, and their tiny ducts open into hair follicles? | sebaceous glands |
| sebaceous glands secrete a lubricant for the hair and skin called? | sebum |
| functions of the skin are? | protection, regulate temperature, sense organ activity, excretion, synthesis of vitamin D, and absorption |
| one of the most serious and frequent problems that affect skin is? | burns |
| a partial thickness burn that is like a typical sunburn with discomfort and redness is? | first degree burn |
| a partial thickness burn that can damage sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands that causes blisters, severe pain, swelling, and scarring is? | second degree burn |
| a full thickness burn that is complete destruction of epidermis and dermis, involves muscles and bones, destroys nerve endings, and has a risk of infection is? | third degree burn |
Created by:
sbrandom