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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Emotionally counterfeit | statements that appear to describe feelings but lack emotional content. |
| emotional contagion | Along with cultural rules, social roles, and self- induced fears, our emotions are also affected by the feelings of those around us through emotional contagion, the process by which emotions are transferred from one person to another. |
| facilitative emotions | We need to make a distinction between facilitative emotions, which contribute to effective functioning, |
| debilitative emotions, | which hinder or prevent effective performance. |
| communication apprehension-A classic example of a debilita-tive emotion is communication apprehension— | feelings of anxiety that plague some people at the prospect of communicating in an unfamiliar or diffi cult situation such as giving a speech, meeting strangers, or being interviewed for a job. |
| The Fallacy of Approval | Communicators who subscribe to the fallacy of approval go to extreme lengths to seek acceptance from others, even to the extent of sacrifi cing their own principles and happiness. |
| fallacy of catastrophic expectations— | Some fearful people operate on the assumption that if something bad can happen, it probably will. |
| fallacy of causation-For example, you might visit friends or family out of a sense of obligation rather than a genuine desire to see them, because you believe their feelings will be hurt if you don’t visit them. | People who live their lives in accordance with the fallacy of causation believe they should do nothing that can hurt or in any way inconvenience others be-cause it will cause undesirable feelings. |
| fallacy of helplessness-‘ There’s no way a woman can get ahead in this society. It’s a man’s world, and the best thing I can do is to accept it.’ | The fallacy of helplessness suggests that forces beyond our control determine our satisfaction in life. People with this outlook continually see themselves as victims: |
| fallacy of overgeneralization-‘ I’m so stupid! I can’t understand how to do my income tax.’ ‘ Some friend I am! I forgot my best friend’s birthday. | The fallacy of overgeneralization occurs when a person bases a belief on a limited amount of evidence. Consider the following statements: |
| fallacy of perfection | People who accept the fallacy of perfection believe that a worthwhile communicator should be able to handle any situation with complete confi dence and skill. |
| fallacy of should-For instance, imagine a person who is full of complaints about the world:Money should grow on trees.’ | One huge source of unhappiness is the inability to distinguish between what is and what should be, or the fallacy of should. |
| rational– emotive approach | The goal, then, is to fi nd a method for getting rid of debilitative feelings while remaining sensitive to the more facilitative emotions. Fortunately, such a method— termed |
| rumination | One particularly problem-atic component of catastrophic thinking is rumination— recurrent thoughts not demanded by the immediate environment |
| self- talk:To under-stand how self- talk works, pay at-tention to the part of you that, like a little voice, whispers in your ear. Take a moment now and lis-ten to what the voice is saying"hope he is stop talking" | to understanding and changing feelings lies in the pattern of thought, which manifests itself through self- talk |
| What Are Emotions? | Physiological Changes Cognitive Interpretations Non- verbal and Verbal Expression |
| Infl uences on Emotional Expression | Personality Culture Biological Sex and Gender Social Conventions Social Roles Fear of Self- Disclosure Emotional Contagion |
| Guidelines for Expressing Emotions: 1)Recognize Your Feelings 2)Choose the Best Language 3)Share Multiple Feelings | 4)Recognize the Diff erence between Feeling and Acting 5)Accept Responsibility for Your Feelings 6)Choose the Best Time and Place to Express Your Feelings |
| Managing Diffi cult Emotions 1)Facilitative and Debilitative Emotions 2)Thoughts as a Cause of Feelings 3)Irrational Thinking and Debilitative Emotions | 4)Minimizing Debilitative Emotions 5)Summary 6)Multiple Choice Questions Activities 7)Discussion Questions 8)Journal Ideas |
Created by:
Scriabin1873