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Stegall-Chem(201)#5

Atomic Structure

QuestionAnswer
How are elements abbreviated in chemical shorthand? by a Symbol. One or two letter. The first letter is always a capital. If there is a second letter it is always lower case.
What is an Atom? The basic building block of all matter.
What is an element? A substance that contains only one type of Atom. A pure substance.
What are the three particles in an Atom? Protons, Neutrons & electrons.
What is the electrical charge of a Proton? Positive (+)
What is the electrical charge of a neutron? Neutral (o)
What is the electrical charge of an electron? Negative (-)
What is the nucleus of an atom? The center. The part of the atom with the most mass.
What particles are in the nucleus of an atom? Protons & Neutrons.
What is the meaning of the Atomic Number? Atomic Number = # of Protons.
What is the meaning of the Atomic Mas #? The Atomic Mass number = # of Protons + # of Neutrons.
On the Periodic Table where can you find the Atomic Number? The large number at the top of each square.
On the Periodic Table where can you find the Atomic Mass number? The Atomic Mass # in the decimal number at the bottom of each square.
Where are the electrons of an atom located? Outside of the nucleus in an electron cloud.
Which atomic particle determines the properties of an element? Electrons
How much mass do the atomic particles have? Protons & Neutrons contain most of the mass of the atom. The electrons are so small we cannot measure their mass. Electron mass is counted as zero.
What is an Isotope? An atom that has a different from normal # of neutrons.
What is an Ion? An atom with an electric charge.
How does an atom gain an electrical charge? It gains or loses one or more electrons.
How does a normal atom maintain a total neutral charge? Equal numbers of Protons (+) and Electrons (-).
From the Periodic Table, how do you find the # of Neutrons in an atom? # of Neutrons = Atomic Mass - Atomic Number. or Atomic Mass - # of Protons.
Do we know the exact location of electrons in the electron cloud? No. The exact location of electrons cannot be known for certain. We can only predict the approximate & probably location of the electrons in various shell energy levels, from closest to the nucleus to further and further from the nucleus.
How do you find the # of Protons on the Periodic Table? The Atomic Number is the large # at the top of each square.
How do you find the Atomic Mass on the Periodic Table? The Atomic Mass is the decimal number at the bottom of each square.
What is a Shell Energy Level? The approximate location of electrons in the electron cloud surrounding the atomic nucleus.
Created by: kastega
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