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Medical Terms 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abduction | movement of a limb away from the midline of the body |
| adduction | movement of a limb toward the midline of the body |
| Neuromuscular | pertaining to the relationship between nerves and muscles |
| Physiatrist | physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function |
| Fasciitis | inflammation of a fascia |
| Fibromyalgia syndrome | debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue |
| Tenosynovitis | inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon |
| Tendinitis | inflammation of the tendons caused by excessive or unusual use of the joint |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | disorder of unknown cause that affects many body systems |
| Adhesion | band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally |
| Atrophy | weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures |
| Myalgia | tenderness or pain in the muscle |
| Myocele | herniation of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it |
| Hernia | protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it |
| Myolysis | degeneration of muscle tissue |
| Myorrhexis | rupture or tearing of muscle |
| Polymyositis | muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body |
| Sarcopenia | loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging |
| Atonic | lacking normal muscle tone or strength |
| Dystonia | condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement |
| Hypotonia | condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscle |
| Ataxia | lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement |
| Contracture | permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues. |
| Intermittent Claudication | pain in the leg muscle that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest |
| Spasm | sudden, involuntary contraction of one or more muscles |
| Cramp | painful localized muscle spasm often named for its cause |
| Spasmodic Torticollis | stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side |
| Bradykinesia | extreme slowness in movement |
| Dyskinesia | distortion or impairment of voluntary movement such as a tic or spasm |
| Hyperkinesia | abnormally increased muscle function or activity |
| Myoclonus | sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles |
| Nocturnal Myoclonus | jerking of the limbs that can occur normally as a person is falling asleep |
| Singultus | myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm |
| Myasthenia Gravis | chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles |
| Muscular Dystrophy | progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement without affecting the nervous system |
| Impingement Syndrome | occurs when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | symptoms occur when the tendons pass through the carpal tunnel are chronically overused and become inflamed and swollen |
| Ganglion Cyst | harmless fluid filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist |
| Epicondylitis | inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow |
| Heel Spur | calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneus |
| Plantar Fasciitis | inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot |
| Sprain | injury to a joint when a ligament is wrenched or torn |
| Strain | injury to the body of the muscle or to the attachment of a tendon |
| Shin Splint | muscle tearing away from the tibia |
| Achilles Tendinitis | painful inflammation of the Achilles tendon caused by excessive stress being placed on the tendon |
| Illiotibial Band Syndrome | overuse injury; caused by band rubbing against bone |
| Paralysis | loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply |
| Myoparesis | weakness or slight muscular paralysis |
| Hemiparesis | slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body |
| Hemiplegia | total paralysis affecting only one side of the body |
| Paraplegia | paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body |
| Quadriplegia | paralysis of all four extremities |
| Cardioplegia | paralysis of heart muscle |
| Electromyography | diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation |
| antispasmodic | administered to suppress smooth muscle contractions of the stomach, intestine, or bladder |
| Ergonomics | study of the human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment |
| Fasciotomy | surgical incision through the fascia to relieve tension or pressure |
| Fascioplasty | surgical repair of a fascia |
| Tenodesis | surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone |
| Tenolysis | release of a tendon from adhesions |
| Tenorrhaphy | surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon |
| Myorrhaphy | surgical suturing a muscle |
| Myotomy | surgical incision into a muscle |
| Contraction | tightening of a muscle |
| Dorsiflexion | movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle |
| Pronation | act of rotating arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward |
| Oblique | slanted or at an angle |
Created by:
mbrand