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Jazz
Introduction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Melody | the sequential arrangement of the notes of the scale into a coherent pattern |
| Texture | Arises out of the total sum of all the different sounds you hear - the number and kind of instruments playing and the manner in which they are being played |
| Chord | A group of three or more notes played simultaneously and acts as the basic unit of harmony |
| Beat | A steady pulse and an instance of rhythm |
| Harmony | The combination of simultaneously sounded musical notes to produce chords and chord progressions with a pleasing effect. |
| Rhythm | A strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound |
| Tempo | The speed of the music's beat, ordinarily ranging from forty to two hundred beats per minute |
| Meter | The organization of music into regular groups of beats representing strong and weak pulses |
| Duple meter | 2; the music alternates between two pulses - one weak and one strong |
| Triple meter | 3; Two weak pulses seperate a single stong pulse |
| Bar or Measure | Represents each instance of the meter |
| Section | Individual unit of music that contains a set of measures |
| Phrases | Further divided sets of measures |
| Most jazz uses _______ meter | Duple |
| Form | When we notice parts of pieces repeating |
| ____-bar phrases and _____-bar sections are common in jazz | Four; Eight |
| Pitch | Highness or lowness of sound |
| Melody | Arranging scale notes in coherent patter (horizontal) |
| Harmony (direction) | Vertical |
| The __-bar _____ song form is one of the most common forms in jazz | 32; AABA |
| Cadence | Where the musical elements combine to create a feeling of closure or ending to that phrase or section |
| Introduction | Entrance with the melody |
| Head | the A section or principal melody of a song |
| Bridge | Describes the B section |
| Prime | Added to a section letter indicates that a section repeats but in modified form |
| A common texture in jazz is that of a ____ ___ | Piano trio |
| Piano trio | A performance group made up of piano, bass, and drums or piano, bass, and guitar |
| Harmony defines a _____ | Chord |
| Rhythm changes | Derived from the form and harmony (chord changes) of the song "I Got Rhythm" |
| Blues form | A single, 12-bar section that repeats throughout the song and typically divides into three 4-bar phrases. AAB lyric pattern |
| Common lyric pattern of blues | AAB |
| 12-bar aab blues form | One in which the singer typically repeats the first line (a) of the lric in the second line (aa) and in the third line-the b line-supplies a lyric that answers or explains the a lie and often rhymes it (aab) |
| Chorus | single presentation of a song |
| Strophic | Describes a musical work that has reapeated choruses |
| Blues harmony | Features a standard set of chord changes |
| Ragtime Form | Borrowed from the European march form, contains three or four sections, called strains, of 16 bars each |
| Jazz Four Essential Elements | Rhythm Melody Harmony Form |
| Time Signature | A symbol that appears on a music staff; Indicates music meter |
| Syncopation | The disruption of regular meter and occurs when the weaker notes of the designated meter receive unexpectedly stronger accents, as in the second and fourth beats in 4/4 meter receiving strong accents |
| Interval | Distance between two notes |
| Tonic | The first note of a given scale and forms the "center of gravity" to which all the other notes in the scale relate |
| Rhythm Section | Part of a jazz band that provides the rhythmic pulse, harmonies, and bass line |
| Blues scale | A form of scale that incorporate the principal notes used in clues |
| Comping | Refers to technique in which a pianist or guitarist play a chord progression in a rhythmically irregular fashion |
| Call-and-response | A single voice or instrument states a melodic phrase-the call-while a group of voices or instruments follows with a responding or completing phrase-the response |
| Stop time | Describes a performance technique in which the rhythm section punctuates distinct beats, often to accommodate a soloist's improvisation between the band's chords |
| Riff | Short melodic idea, usually one or two bars long, that repeats as the core idea of a musical passage |
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