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Chapter 3 In Science
Erosion & Deposition
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is erosion? | the process by which natural forces move weathered rock & soil from one place to another |
| the forces that cause erosion? | 1. gravity 2. waves 3. running water 4. wind 5. glaciers |
| what is the mineral that is moved by erosion? | sediments |
| where does deposition occur? | mountains |
| true or false. the most destructive kind of land movement is creep? | false |
| define gravity. | the force that moves rocks & other minerals downhill. |
| define mass movement. | any one of the several processes that move sediments downhill. |
| define runoff. | water that moves over earths surface |
| define rills. | the grooves in soil |
| define gully. | large groove or channel that carries runoff after a rainstorm |
| define stream. | channel along which water to continually flowing down a slope. |
| define tributary. | stream or river that flows into a larger river |
| define floodplain. | flat wide area of land along a river |
| a meander is a loop like bend in the course of a river | |
| the 3 stages of river development are: | young, mature, & old age |
| young stage flows _______, _______ valley with swift banks | Blank 1: swiftly Blank 2: steep |
| mature stage flows more _________ with a gradual slope. | slowly |
| old stage has long sloping banks, very large flood plains, side cutting action of water, sediment is mostly silt and clay. | True or False? true |
| define stalactites | come down from the ceiling |
| define stalagmites | comes up from the ground |
| columns are? | when stalactites & stalagmites connect |
| what are the 2 type of glaciers? | continental (& valley |
| what are the ice ages? | a period where everything was frozen |
| when did the last ice age end? | 10,000 yeaarrs ago |
| glaciers create what type of valleys? | U shaped |
| glaciers erode the land by what 2 processes? | plucking & abrasion |
| the mixture of sediments that a glacier deposits is called? | till |
| A ridge of sediments that forms along the edges or at the furthest point that the glacier reached is called? | moraine |
| the energy in waves comes from ________ that blows across the water's surface | wind |
| the 2 ways that waves erode the land are ________ & ___________. | impact, erosion |
| waves shape the coast when they deposit sediments forming coastal features such as.... | beaches spits & barrier beaches |
| what is the process that moves sediments down the beach with the current? | longshore drift |
| 3 landforms created by wave erosion? | sea stack, sea arch, & sea cave |
| wind causes erosion by _______ & ________. | deflation & abrasion |
| what is the process by which wind removes surface materials? | deflation |
| when wind removes the smallest of particles leaving only larger ones behind it creates a hard surface known as? | desert pavement |
| when sand & sediments are carried by wind & blown against a rock is? | sand dunes |
| what is a sediment blown by wind that is finer than sand, such as clay & silt sized paricles. | loess |
| what is energy stored and waiting to be used later? | potential energy |
| what is kinetic energy? | what an object has due to its motion. |
| what is abrasion? | weathering away of a rock by a grinding action |
| define turbulance. | instead of moving downstreamn the water moves every which way in a type of movement. |
| moving water is a major agent of? | erosion |
| water that runs off earths surface when it rans is called? | runoff |
| a stream that flows into a larger stream is called? | a tributary |
| what is the area of land from which a river and its tributaries collect water? | watershed |
| how do V-shaped valleys form? | runoff into the rivers below create a v shaped hill from erosion. |
| when does a river develope a meander? | as a river winds from side to side, it erodes the other bank |
| a meander that has been cut off from a river is callled? | oxbow lake |
| what makes a river valley fertile? | when it floods & retreates, it leaves fertile soil. |
| underground water is called>? | groundwater |
| how does groundwater cause chemical weathering if limestone? | it seeps through the ground with acid & pollution. |
| what is turbulence? | movement of water every which way instead off downstream |
| what is the amount of sediment in the river? | deposition |
| the till deposited at the edge of a glacier forms a ridge called a..? | moraine |
| what type of mass movement can result in the tilting at odd angles of gravestones & fenceposts.? | creep |
| waves erode the land through impact and? | abrasion |
| because of longshore drift... | sediment moves down a beach with the current. |
| a glacier forms in an area where more snow falls than _________. | melts |
| true of false. the material moved by erosion is called sediment? | true |
| true or false. the process by which natural forces move weathered rock from place to place is erosion? | true |
| true or false. a valley glacier covers much of the island of greenland? | false |
| true or false. the energy of ocean waves comes from the energy & deposition? | false |
| true or false. the flat wide area of land along a river is called a meander? | false |
Created by:
Awelker1213