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MYPChemistryMidterm
MYP Chemistry Midterm Study Stack
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Properties of Matter | 1. Matter: Anything w/ mass and volume 2. Physical: Observed with senses 3. Chemical: use phys. evidence of chemical reactions. |
| Kinetic Theory Of Matter | 1. All matter is made of tiny moving particles 2. Increase in temp -> increase k energy, 3. Decrease in temp -> decrease k energy |
| Properties of Matter | 1. Matter: Anything w/ mass and volume 2. Physical: Observed with senses 3. Chemical: use phys. evidence of chemical reactions. |
| Properties of Matter | 1. Matter: Anything w/ mass and volume 2. Physical: Observed with senses 3. Chemical: use phys. evidence of chemical reactions. |
| Kinetic Theory Of Matter | 1. All matter is made of tiny moving particles 2. Increase in temp -> increase k energy, 3. Decrease in temp -> decrease k energy |
| What is an element? | 1. makes up everything on earth 2. represented by chemical symbol 3. smallest part is the atom |
| What Are Mixtures? | 2 or more substances physically combined |
| What are the two kind of mixtures? | 1. Homogeneous is evenly mixed -Solution:tiny particles dissolved in each other. 2. Heterogeneous not evenly mixed -Colloid: medium particles -Suspension: big particles |
| What are the two kind of mixtures? | 1. Homogeneous is evenly mixed -Solution:tiny particles dissolved in each other. 2. Heterogeneous not evenly mixed -Colloid: medium particles -Suspension: big particles |
| What is a pure substance? | 1. Elements 2. Compounds |
| What is a pure substance? | 1. Elements 2. Compounds |
| What is an Atom | Smallest Part of element proton p+: positively Charged neutron n0: Neutral particles electron e-: negatively charged particles |
| What is a Compound? | 1. 2 or more elements chemically combined 2. represented by chemical formula |
| What is an element? | 1. makes up everything on earth 2. represented by chemical symbol 3. smallest part is the atom |
| Density | D=M/V *pure substances always have the same density |
| What is the Atomic Mass? | 3 Of Protons and Neutrons |
| What is a Compound? | 1. 2 or more elements chemically combined 2. represented by chemical formula |
| What is a Valence Electron? | Outermost Energy level. They stay in orbit because of electrostatic energy |
| Density | D=M/V *pure substances always have the same density |
| What is the Octet Rule? | Elements are most stable with a valence of 8 e- |
| What is an Atom | Smallest Part of element proton p+: positively Charged neutron n0: Neutral particles electron e-: negatively charged particles |
| What are the energy levels? | 2e-, 8e-, 18e-, 32e- |
| What is a Valence Electron? | Outermost Energy level. They stay in orbit because of electrostatic energy |
| What is the Atomic Number? | # of Protons |
| What is electron Configuration? | s=2 p=6 d=10 |
| What is the Octet Rule? | Elements are most stable with a valence of 8 e- |
| What is the Atomic Mass? | 3 Of Protons and Neutrons |
| What are the energy levels? | 2e-, 8e-, 18e-, 32e- |
| What is a Valence Electron? | Outermost Energy level. They stay in orbit because of electrostatic energy |
| What is electron Configuration? | s=2 p=6 d=10 |
| What is the Octet Rule? | Elements are most stable with a valence of 8 e- |
| What is an Isotope? *think m&m's | atoms of the same element with different atomic masses. |
| What are the energy levels? | 2e-, 8e-, 18e-, 32e- |
| What is relative Atomic Mass? | % Abundance Mass 93.25 39 6.7302 41 .0117 40 (93.25)(39)+(6.7302)(41)+(0.117)(40)=39.132 |
| What is electron Configuration? | s=2 p=6 d=10 |
| How do eletromagnetic Waves Move | Perpendicular |
| What is an Isotope? *think m&m's | atoms of the same element with different atomic masses. |
| How do eletromagnetic Waves Move | Perpendicular |
| What is relative Atomic Mass? | % Abundance Mass 93.25 39 6.7302 41 .0117 40 (93.25)(39)+(6.7302)(41)+(0.117)(40)=39.132 |
| What is Wave? | A disturbance |
| How do eletromagnetic Waves Move? | Perpendicular |
| What is wavelength? | lambda distance from crest to crest, or trough to trough in meters |
| What is Frequency? | # of waves that pass through a point in 1 second in hertz or /s |
| What is speed? | 3 x 10^8 in m/s |
| What is ROYGBIV? | Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet enery increase from red --> violet |
| What is Ground State? | the energy level of a non excited electron |
| What is Excited State? | when electrons gain energy. |
| What happens when an electron in an excited state goes back to ground state? | emits electromagnetic waves |
| Whar is a Line spectrum? | part of continuous ----------------- ex: visible light |
| Continuous | everything in range ex: em spectrum |
| What are the Types of elements? | Metals Non Metals Metalloids Noble Gases |
| What are the types of metals? | conductive ductile malleable shiny valence of 1,2, or 3 |
| types of nonmetals | poor conductors brittle dull cant be made into wires valence of 5, 6, or 7 |
| What is Atomic Radius? | distance from nucleus to valence e- |
| What are the factors of atomic radii? | # of energy levels nuclear charge (q) |
| What is a group tren on the Periodic Table? | as you go down ↓ group radius increases (en. levels) |
| What is a period Trend on the Periodic Table? | as you go across a group radius decreases (nuc q) |
| What is ionic Radius? | decreases across a period but increase at group 5. |
| What are IONS? | charged particles cations:positively charged anions: negatively charged valence of 1,2,3, lose e- valence of 5,6,7, gain e- |
| What is ionization energy? (IE) | energy exerted to remove an e- from an atom. |
| What is electron Affinity? (e-A) | tenedency of an atom to bring in e- (nonmetals have high e-A) |
| What is electronegativity? (X) | tendency of an atom in a bond to hold on to e- Fluorine is the highest |
| What is a chemical bond? | 2 or more atoms share valence e- to create new substances |
| What is an ionic bond? | Non metal + Metal transfer e- 1. High melting pt 2. Conductive in liquid 3. Makes crystals Name: replace end of last element with ide switch ox # to get up to zero |
| What is an oxidation #? | A number assigned to an element in chemical combination that represents the number of electrons lost or gained. |
| What is a Covalent Bond | Valence e- shared between two nonmetals Naming: add ide to last element prefixes: mono, di, tri, tetra |
| What is a Lewis Structure? | 1. Count # of ve- for all compounds 2. Put least electro negative in middle (farthest from Fluorine, never Hydrogen) 3. Connect with single bonds 4. Give exterior atoms octet 5. Make central have octet (not metals) 6. Count e- 7. Too many make doubl |
| What is a metallic bond? | delocalization of electrons between metal atoms 1. high conductivity 2. high melting pt 3. not specifically with one atoms...they float |
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