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A&P2 Endocrine Sys
Chapter 16 Module 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty. | Ovaries |
| Storehouse for the hormones produced by the hypothalamus of the brain. | Pituitary Gland |
| Produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male sex characteristics. | Testis |
| Produce steroid hormones and glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. | Adrenal Glands |
| Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ. | Hypothalamus |
| Pituitary hormone targets of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). | Bone and Muscle |
| Pituitary hormone targets of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). | Testes or Ovaries |
| Pituitary hormone targets of prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH). | Mammary |
| Pituitary hormone targets of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) | Adrenal Cortex |
| Pituitary hormone targets of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) | Thyroid |
| Autoimmune problem involving the thyroid gland | Grave's disease |
| Hyposecretion of growth hormone. | Pituitary Dwarfism |
| Hyposecretion of the pancreas. | Diabetes Mellitus |
| Hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex. | Addison's Disease |
| Hypersecretion of growth hormone. | Acromegaly |
| Hyposecretion of the thyroid in adults. | Myxedeme |
| Hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex. | Cushing's disease |
| Hypersecretion of growth hormone. | Acromegaly |
| Hyposecretion of the thyroid in infants. | Cretinism |
| The size and shape of a pea; produces hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands. | Hypophysis |
| The gland that controls the fight-or-fligh reaction. | Adrenal medulla |
| Produces hormones that regulate glucose levels in the body. | Pancreas |
| Produces a hormone that controls blood levels of calcium and potassium by their removal from bone tissue. | Parathyroid |
| Produces the boyd's major metabolic hormones. | Thyroid |
| In humans, melatonin may inhibit sexual maturation. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 635 |
| The antagonistic hormones that regulate the blood calcium level are calcitonin-parathormone. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 624-625 |
| The hormone that raises blood sugar levels is insulin. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 632-633 |
| The endocrine structure that develops from the nervous system is the anterior pituitary. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 612-613 |
| Both ʺturn onʺ factors (hormonal, humoral, and neural stimuli) and ʺturn offʺ factors (feedback inhibition and others) may be modulated by the activity of the nervous system. | Answer: TRUE |
| Diff: 1 Page Ref: 611-612 ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroid hormones. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 616 |
| LH is also referred to as a gonadotropin. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 616 |
| The only known effect of prolactin in humans is to produce impotence in males. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 616 |
| Oxytocin is a strong stimulant of uterine contractions. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 617 |
| Follicle cells of the thyroid gland produce thyroglobulin, while follicle cells of the parathyroid produce calcitonin. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 620, 624 |
| The thyroid gland is embedded in the parathyroid tissue. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 620 |
| The prime metabolic effect of cortisol is gluconeogenesis. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 629 |
| The beta cells are the pancreatic islet cells that produce insulin. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 632 |
| Most Type II diabetics do not produce insulin. | Answer: FALSE Peptide hormones enter the target cells and elicit a response by mediating neurotransmitter effects. |
| Calcitonin is a peptide hormone that has destructive effects on the skeletal system. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 624 |
| Aldosterone is the most potent mineralocorticoid produced in the adrenals but the least abundant. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 627-628 |
| Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that controls blood pressure in part by increasing the urinary excretion of sodium. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 629 |
| While glucagon is a small polypeptide, it is nevertheless very potent in its regulatory effects. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 632 |
| The thyroid gland is a large gland that controls metabolic functions throughout the life of an individual. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 620 |
| Many hormones synthesized in the gastrointestinal tract are chemically identical to brain neurotransmitters. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 637 |
| All of the following hormones are secreted by the adenohypophysis: ACTH, FSH, and LH. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 616 |
| Iodine is an essential element required for the synthesis of thyroxine. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 620-621 |
| The endocrine gland that is probably malfunctioning if a person has a high metabolic rate is the parathyroid. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 621, 624-625 |
| Growth hormone always exerts its influence by targeting other endocrine glands to produce hormones. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 614-615 |
| Diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus are both caused by a genetic mutation involving the synthesis of insulin. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 634-637 |
| The stimulus for calcitonin release is usually excessive amounts of growth hormone synthesis. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 624 |
| Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones that usually enhance the immune responses when an individual is suffering from severe stress. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 629-631 |
| Direct gene activation involves a second-messenger system. | Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 609-610 |
| All peptide hormone synthesis requires gene activation that produces mRNA. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 607-608 |
| All adenohypophyseal hormones except GH affect their target cells via a cyclic AMP second-messenger. | Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 614 |
Created by:
jenkasick