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Chem Mod 11
Apologia Chemistry Module 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Solute | The substance being dissolved |
| Solvent | What the solute is being dissolved in |
| Solution | What you have when the solute and solvent are mixed together |
| Insoluble | Does not dissolve in water |
| In order to dissolve a solid, the solvent molecules .... | must be attracted to the solute molecules so strongly that the solvent molecules can get between the solute molecules (or ions) and pull them far apart from each other |
| In order to dissolve a liquid, the solvent molecules ..... | need only be attracted to the solute molecules a little, because the solvent doesn't need to separate the solute very much |
| In order to dissolve a gas, the solvent molecules .... | must be attracted to the solute molecules enough to pull the solute molecules closet to one another |
| Solubility | The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent |
| The solubility of any solute depends upon ... | the identity of the solute AND the identity of the solvent |
| Saturated solution | A solution in which the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved |
| Precipitation | The process by which a solid solute leaves a solution and turns back into its solid phase |
| For solid solutes, solubility _______ with increasing temperature | usually increases |
| The solubility of liquid solute (is, is not) affected by temperature | is not |
| The solubility of gases _______ with increasing temperature | decreases |
| Increasing pressure _______ the solubility of gases | increases |
| Pressure (does, does not) affect the solubility of either liquids or solids | does not |
| Exothermic process | A process that RELEASES heat |
| Endothermic process | A process that ABSORBS heat |
| Molality | The number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent m = |
| Molarity uses _______________ while molality uses ___________________. | total volume of solution amount of solvent in kg |
| Freezing point depression | When a solute is dissolved in a solvent, the solution always has a LOWER freezing point than the pure solvent |
| Freezing point depression formula | ∆T = -iK(f)m T = temperature (°C) i = |
| Boiling point elevation | When a solute is dissolved in a solvent, the boiling point of the solution is HIGHER than that of the pure solvent |
| Boiling point elevation formula: | ∆T = iK(b)m T = temperature (°C) i = |
Created by:
thomas.macri
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