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Chem Mod 09

Apologia Chemistry Module 9

QuestionAnswer
Polyatomic ions Ions which are formed when a group of atoms gains or loses electrons
Ammonium NH₄⁺
Hydroxide OH⁻
Chlorate ClO₃⁻
Chlorite ClO₂⁻
Nitrate NO₃⁻
Nitrite NO₂⁻
Acetate C₂H₃O₂⁻
Cyanide CN⁻
Carbonate CO₃²⁻
Chromate CrO₄²⁻
Dichromate Cr₂O₇²⁻
Sulfate SO₄²⁻
Sulfite SO₃²⁻
Phosphate PO₄³⁻
VESPR theory (valence shell electron pair repulsion) Molecules will attain whatever shape keeps the valence electrons of the central atom as far apart from one another as possible
With 2 atoms or 2 groups of electrons around the central atom, the shape is _______ linear bond angle of 180°
With 3 groups of electrons around the central atom, the shape is _______ trigonal bond angle of 120°
With 4 groups of electrons around the central atom, the basic shape is _______ a tetrahedron
With every non-binding pair of electrons, the bond angle in the tetrahedron shape becomes (smaller, larger) smaller
Purely covalent bond A covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally between the atoms involved (identical atoms)
Polar bond A covalent bond in which the electrons are share unequally between the atoms involved (different atoms)
A polar covalent molecule has _______ bonds of _______ strength that pull in _______ directions. polar equal opposite
Polar covalent compounds can dissolve ..... ... polar covalent compounds AND ionic compounds (both contain electrical charges)
Purely covalent compounds can dissolve ... ... only purely covalent compounds (no electrical charges are present)
Created by: thomas.macri
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