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Jose Marti, Evy
Biography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| José Martí birth and death | (1853-1895) |
| Who was Marti? | Cuban revolutionary, poet, and journalist. |
| The principal organizer of | Cuba's war against Spain |
| apostle of | Cuban independence. |
| José Martí was born in | Havana on Jan. 28, 1853 |
| parents | Spanish |
| In school, where he was an eager student, his teachers aroused in him a devotion | cause of freedom |
| achieved early recognition as a | writer. |
| At the age of 15 he composed | several poems |
| at 16 he published a | Havana newspaper, La Patria Libre, and wrote a dramatic poem, Abdala. |
| Arrested for | political reasons, Martí served several months at hard labor |
| deported in January 1871 to | Spain |
| Spain Martí published political essay, El presidio político en Cuba, an indictment of | Spanish oppression/conditions in Cuban jails. |
| The young revolutionary also resumed his | studies |
| 1874 he received a degree in | philosophy and law from the University of Saragossa. |
| Martí then traveled through Europe and in 1875 went to | Mexico |
| In Mexico he worked as a | journalist. |
| After a short visit to Cuba in 1877, he settled in | Guatemala, where he taught literature and philosophy. |
| That same year he married Carmen Zayas Bazán, daughter of a Cuban exile, and shortly afterward published his first book, | Guatemala. |
| Unhappy with Guatemala's political conditions, Martí returned to | Cuba in December 1878. |
| His essays written in a highly personal style, they brought about an innovation in ____writing. | prose |
| Martí realized very early that independence from Spain was the only solution for Cuba and that this could be achieved only | through a war that was sudden and that would at the same time prevent United States Intervention in Cuba. |
| His fear of a military dictatorship after independence led in 1884 to a break with________ and ______, two generals who at the time were engaged in a conspiracy against Spain. | Máximo Gómez and Antonio Maceo |
| Martí withdrew from the movement temporarily, but by ________the three men were working together again, with Martí assuming political leadership. | 1887 |
| In 1892 he formed the Cuban Revolutionary party in the United States and directed his efforts toward organizing the war against ______. | Spain |
| In 1895 Martí gave the order for the resumption of hostilities against Spain and landed in ___to lead the war. | Cuba |
| He was killed in a skirmish with _____troops at Dos Rios, Oriente Province, on May 19, 1895. | Spanish |
| What distinguished Martí was his ability to _______ and harmonize. | organize |
| Like Simón Bolívar, he thought in terms of a | continent and advocated the unity of Latin America. |
| José Julián Martí, in full José Julián Martí y Pérez (born January 28, 1853, Havana, Cuba—died May 19, 1895, Dos Ríos), poet and essayist, patriot and martyr, who became the symbol of | Cuba’s struggle for independence from Spain |
| His dedication to the goal of Cuban freedom made his name a synonym for ¬¬¬¬_____throughout Latin America | liberty |
| As a patriot, Martí organized and unified the movement for Cuban independence and died on the battlefield fighting for it | |
| As a writer, he was distinguished for his personal prose and deceptively simple, sincere verse on themes of a free and united ____ | America |
| Educated first in____, Martí had published several poems by the age of 15, and at age 16 he founded a newspaper, La Patria Libre (“The Free Fatherland”) | Havana |
| During a revolutionary uprising that broke out in Cuba in 1868, he sympathized with the patriots, for which he was sentenced to six months of hard labour and, in 1871, deported to | Spain |
| There he continued his education and his writing, receiving both an MA and a degree in ___from the University of Zaragoza in 1874 and publishing political essays | law |
| He spent the next few years in____,___,and __, writing and teaching, and returned to Cuba in 1878 | France, in Mexico, and in Guatemala |
| Because of his continued political activities, however, Martí was again exiled from Cuba to )___in 1879 | Spain |
| From there he went to France, to New York City, and, in 1881, to____, where he founded the Revista Venezolana (“Venezuelan Review”) | Venezuela |
| The politics of his journal, however, provoked Venezuela’s dictator, ______, and Martí returned that year to New York City, where he remained, except for occasional travels, until the year of his death | Antonio Guzmán Blanco |
| Martí continued to write and publish newspaper articles, poetry, and | essays |
| His regular column inLa Nación of ___made him famous throughout Latin America | Buenos Aires |
| His poetry, such as the collection Versos libres (1913; “Free Verses”), written between 1878 and 1882 on the theme of____, reveals a deep sensitivity and an original poetic vision | freedom |
| Martí’s essays, which are considered by most critics his greatest contribution to Spanish American letters, helped to bring about innovations in Spanish prose and to promote better understanding among the ___nations | American |
| In essays “Emerson” (1882), “Whitman” (1887), “Nuestra América” (1881; “Our America”), and “Bolívar” (1893), Martí expressed his original thoughts about Latin America and _____in an intensely personal style is still considered a model of Spanish prose | the United States |
| His writings reflect his exemplary life, his kindness, his love of liberty and justice, and his deep understanding of _____ | human nature |
| In 1892 Martí was elected ____ (“delegate”; he refused to be called president) of the Partido Revolucionario Cubano (“Cuban Revolutionary Party”) that he had helped to form | delegado |
| Making _________the centre of operations, he began to draw up plans for an invasion of Cuba | New York City |
| He left New York for ____on January 31, 1895, accompanied by the Cuban revolutionary leader Máximo Gómez and other compatriots | Santo Domingo |
| They arrived in Cuba to begin the invasion on ____ | April 11 |
| Martí’s death a month later in battle on the plains of_____ , Oriente province, came only seven years before his lifelong goal of Cuban independence was achieved | Dos Ríos |
Created by:
evykas70
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