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Electricity Part
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Static Electricity | is created when objects made from different materials rub together and rub together and electrons are transferred. There is a build up of electrons on the surface of the materials/objects, an imbalance of electric charge on the surface of an object. |
| Law of Electricity Changes | 1. Objects that have the same charge repel each other (+,+ or -,-). 2. Objects that have the opposite charge attract each other. 3. Objects with no charge are attracted to charged objects. |
| Friction | When two objects are rubbed together causing electrons to move from one object to the other |
| Electric Charge | a form of change, either positive or negative that exerts an electric force |
| Charging by Friction | the transfer of electrons between two neutral objects (made from different materials) that occurs when they are rubbed together or come in contact (touch). |
| Induction (Temporary/ Permanent) | When an already charged object is held near a neutral object causing a temporary charge to the neutral object, applying a ground (such as your hand) will make it permanent. Movement of electrons due to nearby charged object. |
| Contact (Conduction) | When an already charge object touches a neutral object and cause the neutral object to become charged. Produces the same charge. |
| Grounding | connecting an object to a large body, like Earth, that is capable of effectively removing an electric charge that the object may have. |
| Electrical Resistance | the ability of a material to oppose the flow of electric current; measured in ohms |
| Ohmmeter | a device used to measure resistance |
| Resistor | a device that reduces the flow of electrical current |
| Potential Difference | the difference in the electric potential energy per unit charge measured at two different points; measured in volts (V). |
| Voltmeter | a device used to measure potential difference |
| Ammeter | a device used to measure electric current, must be connected in series with a load when measuring current |
| Series Circuit | a circuit in which the loads are connected end to end so that these is only one path for the electrons to flow. |
| Parallel Circuit | a circuit in which the loads are connected by brackets so that there are two or more paths for electrons to flow. |
| Electrical Current (I) | a measure of the rate of electron flow past a given point in a circuit; measured in amperes (A). |
| Electrical Power | the rate at which electrical energy is produced or used. |
| Efficiency | comparison of the energy output of a device with the energy supplied. |
| Direct Current (DC) | a flow of electrons in one direction though an electrical circuit. Produced by electric cells. |
| Alternating Current (AC) | a flow of electrons that alternates in direction in an electric circuit. Produced in generators (energy sources). |
| Renewable resource | natural energy resource that is unlimited (for example, energy from the Sun or wind) or can be replenished by natural processes in a relatively short period of time (for example, biomass). |
| Non-renewable Resource | a resource that cannot be replaces as quickly as it is consumed. |
| Electric Cells | a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy, the term “battery” in science refers to 2 or more cells in combination, cells we use are 1.5 V, therefore, a 9V battery would have six 1.5 V cells |
| Primary Cells | an electric cell that can only be used once (eg. zinc, chloride, alkaline, or lithium cells. NOTE: type of electrodes used and chemicals in the electrolyte affect strength of electron flow and how long flow will last. |
| Secondary Cells | use a “recharger” that uses alternating current (AC) to “push back” the electrons to the negative terminal so it is now “recharged” |
| Fuel Cells | Electrical energy is released when hydrogen and oxygen is converted into water (H20), no emissions, Hydrogen occurs as compound needs to extracted, causes pollution (CO2) |
| Current | is a measure of the rate of electron flow past a given point in a circuit |
Created by:
tart612
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