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comp.&elem.
compounds and elements
Question | Answer |
---|---|
compound | pure substance, combinations of elements, the same throughout, broken down to the smallest molecule |
element | purest substance that cannot be broke down any further, the smallest amount, atoms |
pure substance | compound or element, one single substance |
law of constant proportions | no matter the amount, the ratio will stay the same, berthollet and proust |
atom | smallest amount that maintains its properties |
molecule | smallest amount of compound that maintains its properties |
coefficients | indicates how many molecules there are, can change to balance equation, ex. 2HCl |
subscript | indicates how many molecules there are, cannot change to balance equation, ex. H(little)2 |
( ) | effects whatever is inside, ex. (OH)v2 |
yields | goes to, ---> |
synthesis | when substances come together to make one |
decomposition | when a substance splits apart to make many |
single replacement | when one element replaces another in a compound , ex. AB + C ---> AC + B |
double displacement | when the elements in two compound switch pairings, matching the insides together and the outsides together ex. AB + CD ---> AD + CB |
diatomic molecules | Clv2,Iv2,Fv2,Brv2,Ov2,Hv2,Nv2 v=subscript |
combustion | when a fuel reacts with oxygen and yields to water and carbon dioxide, ex. CHv4 + Ov2 ---> Hv2O + COv2 |
electron | negatively charged particle, e- |
ion | an atom with a charge due to fewer or extra electron |
cation | positively charged ion |
anion | negatively charged ion |
electrodes | give electrons, take electrons |
cathode | negative electrode, electron supplier, attracts cations |
anode | positively charged electrode, electron taker, attracts anions |
hydronium | hydrogen ions |
hydroxide | OH- |
base | ph of 7-14, includes OH- |
acid | ph of 1-7, has only H |
photosynthesis | opposite of combustion |