Save
Upgrade to remove ads
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

speech and hearing

test one part one

QuestionAnswer
3 physiological systems that generate speech: respiratory, phonatory, and articulatory
study of physics of sound acoustics
study the acoustic speech sound waves acoustic phonetic
Physical phenomenon as a form of energy results from vibratory mechanical motion of an object that causes a disturbance in the molecules of a particular medium sound
2 things in order for sound to occur: molecular environment and movement
molecular environment medium: gas (air), liquid (water) and solid (steel)
to set the molecular environment into action movement
sound occurs when a disturbance in the molecular environment/medium creates ____ changes by the movement pressure
sound medium could be.... gas, liquid or solid
The production and the perception of sound by human systems rely mainly on the ____ being the medium air
the ability to talk, the activity of talking, or a piece of spoken language speech
speech chain linguistic level, physiological level, acoustic level, physiological level, and linguistic level
At ____ ____ (speaker side), human will select, combine, and order suitable words into suitable sentences. linguistic level
words are comprised of syllables and syllables are comprised of ____ phonemes
linguistic level speaker side
physiological level articulatory
physiological level auditory
linguistic level listener side
after the linguistic level, the ‘state’ moves to ____ level (articulatory) physiological
The muscular activity occurs in the ____ system vocal
the ___ produce specific phonemes articulators
after the physiological level, the ‘state’ moves to the _____ level acoustic
when there is air flowing through the vocal tract from the lungs and then to the articulator acoustic level
involves neural and muscular activity, based on the input signal (phoneme) from the previous ‘state' physiological level
At the acoustic level, speech sound wave is generated and then transmitted on the medium of ____. air
When the speech sound wave reaches listener’s ears, the ‘state’ moves to _____ level physiological (auditory)
the incoming wave will activate the ____ mechanism, which then involves neural activity in the hearing and perceptual mechanism hearing
the speech chain is completed on the ____ level when the listener recognizes the words and sentences produced by the speaker linguistic (listener side)
physical aspects of the air as a sound medium air volume, density, elasticity, inertia, pressure, damping
the amount of space occupied by the air molecules measured in three dimensions air volume
refers to how far the air molecules are located from each other. it is measured by the amount of mass/unit volume air density
the force that is exerted perpendicularly on a surface air pressure
the ability of a substance to restore its original shape, size, and position after being displaced or deformed elasticity
a property by which the material tends to resist any change in motion unless external force is applied. inertia
_____ is overcome by the elasticity of the material inertia
refers to the reduction in energy of the molecules leading to a decrease in their motion; occurs due to friction damping
a tangential force developed between the surfaces in contact with each other friction
the smaller the volume, the larger the ____, the greater the ____ density; pressure
the elasticity counteracts the ____ of the air molecule, bringing them to their original status inertia
air pressure is measured by the unit of _____ /_____ force/ surface area
the smaller the surface area, the ____ the pressure acting on this area and vice versa higher
the smaller the volume, the ____ the pressure within a particular space higher
changing the pressure from location to location in our body plays a crucial role in ____ ___ and ___ ___ speech production and speech perception
air molecules move from areas of ____ pressure to areas of ____ pressure, creating an air flow high; low
the air flow depends on the difference in the pressure between the two areas and it is called the ____ pressure driving
the driving pressure plays an important role in ___ ___ speech production
2 types of air flow laminar and turbulent
the air molecules travel smoothly in a parallel manner laminar flow
the air molecules travel in whirls turbulent flow
____ flow is important for speech turbulent
air molecules have the tendency to equalize and create relatively steady pressure called ____ pressure ambient
changing or disturbing the ambient pressure of the air or any particular media will create a ____ sound
a force is needed to produce this pressure change by driving the air molecules into ____ motion
When we strike the tuning fork, its prongs or tines are set into vibration, they move back and force (oscillate very rapidly). This vibration leads to ____ in the air molecules surrounding the prongs disturbance
because of the ____ of the air molecules, once they vibrate, they bounce back and force and collide with each other, creating pressure changes in the molecular environment elasticity
when the air molecules come close to each other, they form areas of high pressure called .... condensation/compressions
when the molecules set apart from each other, they form areas of low pressure called ____ rarefactions
alternating areas of successive condensations and rarefactions (alternating areas of high and low pressure) generate the ____ ____ sound wave
the sound waves spread out of the sound source in all directions forming a ____ sphere
the outermost wave in this sphere is the wave ____, the first wave to strike the tympanic membrane of a listener front
the magnitude of the disturbance decrease with the increase the distance from the ____ ____ sound source
what propagates or travels is the _____ in the environment disturbance
the ____ ____ propagate in a longitudinal direction, which is parallel to the movement of the air molecules in which the disturbance occurred sound wave
sound waves are characterized in terms of: amplitude, frequency, period, wavelength, and velocity
____ is a graph that used to demonstrate the aforementioned criteria of sound wave waveform
the waveform graphs depict the change in the magnitude of displacement (amplitude) of the ____ ___ over time sound wave
___ is shown on the horizontal axis and the magnitude of the displacement on the vertical axis time
sound moves ___ longitudinally
sound propagates in... all directions
outermost wave wavefront
the ____ waveform depicts the changes in the magnitude of air pressure over time acoustic
if the displacement (vibration) occurs back and forth in a single frequency, the waveform is called a ___ wave sine
the ___ of the wave represent the condensation and the ___ represent the rarefactions peaks; troughs
When an object vibrates in a sinusoidal manner, by only one frequency, it produces what is called a ___ ___ pure tone
sound can be measured in: physical aspects and psychological aspects
physical aspects of sound frequency, period, wavelength, amplitude, and velocity
psychological aspects of sound pitch and loudness
___ is the number of complete cycles per unit time (seconds) frequency
___ refers to one back and forth movement of vibration of the sound source or the surrounding air molecules cycle
frequency is one back and forth change in the ____ relative to the ambient pressure (resting point baseline) pressure
cycle/sec Hertz (Hz)
the human frequency range is ___-___ KHz 20-20
changes in frequency is perceived by the listener as a change in the ____ pitch
high frequency (objective) --> ___ pitch (subjective) high
low frequency (objective) --> ___ pitch (subjective) low
the unit to measure the pitch is called ____ mels
the length of the vibrating object--> the longer the length, the ___ the frequency lower
the greater the mass, the ____ the frequency lower
the stiffer the vibrating object, the ____ the frequency higher
the interaction between length, mass, and stiffness is important in ___ ____ and in middle ear mechanisms and pathology sound production
____ ____ is the scale on which frequency is transformed octave notation
the ____ is scaled in terms of octave intervals audiogram
___ refers to the time it takes one cycle to be completed period
period is the reciprocal of the ___ frequency
T= 1/F
F = 1/t
_____ sounds refer to sound in which each cycle takes the same time as every other cycles periodic
periodic sound repeats itself at regular intervals example: sine wave
____ sound is a sound in which individual cycles o not take the same period to be completed aperiodic
____ is measured by the distance covered by one cycle wavelength
____ is measured from crest-to-crest or trough-to-trough, or upswing to upswing wavelength
the units for wavelength are always distance units such as ___, ____, and ___ meters, centimeters, and millimeters
the higher the frequency, the shorter the ___ and ____ wavelength and period
the lower the frequency, the longer the ___ and ___ wavelength and period
___ is the magnitude of maximum displacement of an object from its resting position amplitude
for sound, the ____ is the magnitude of the maximum pressure changes in the medium in which the sound generated amplitude
amplitude reflects the ____ of the sound intensity
intensity is perceived as a ____ level by the listener loudness
intensity is measured on the ____ scale phon
the higher the intensity, the ___ the sound we perceive louder
____ measures how fast the sound waves travel through a particular medium velocity
velocity depends on the ___ and the ___ of the medium density; elasticity
sound waves travel faster in ____ than liquids solids
sound waves travel faster in ____ than gases liquids
period t
frequency f
time seconds
Created by: jbrown56
 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards