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Mod.1 Lesson 1 NB

vocab

QuestionAnswer
Section of central processing unit that performs arithmetic computations and logical operations Arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)
Machine language that is made up of only 0s and 1s Binary
a single zero or a single one in machine language Bit
A single character in computer llanguage; eight bits are equal to one Byte Byte
Microprocessor that is the brains of the computer Central procesing unit (CPU)
this plate or board that contains electronic components Circuit Board
an electronic device that receives data (input), processes data, stores data,and produces results(output). Computer
coordinates all the processor's activites Control Unit
text, numbers,sound, images, or video Data
a single chip that contains 2 individual processors dual-core processor
Perform specific tasks and can be found in a range of devices such as a digital watch or an MP3 player embedded computers
a special log on a magnetic storage disk where each track is labeled and given a location file allocation table (FAT)
used to store data inside the computer, removable versions also available Hard Disks
the actual machine-wires, transistors, and circuits- in a computersystem Hardware
Output produced by a computer Information
short term or long term way to store a file or information Memory
small general-purpose computers that can generally fit into thenpalm of your hand Mobile Devices
Circuit bpard mounted in a computer case that contains itegral components Motherboard
an expansion that provides for more than two seperate processors Multicore Processor
A hard drive or a tape drive located on a computer other than the user's local system Network Drive
small personal computers that contain the monitor with a built-in keyboard; also called laptop comoputers notebook Computers
short term memory located on the motherboard that the computer can read and write from temporarialy random access memory (RAM)
Store specific instructions needed for computer operstions Read-only memory (ROM)
used to extend disk sapce on a server and eliminate the addition of more hard disks or other storage devices Remote Storage
a general purpose somputer that can support a few users of hundereds of users; variations include file server, database server, and Web server Server
instructions or programs fror controlling the computer Software
fastest type of computer; used for specialized applications to process enormous amount of data Supercomputer
Personal computer similar in size and thickness to a notepad; used with a stylus or digital pen on touch screen Tablet PC
circles on a magnetic storate device where data is stored and retrieved Tracks
small removable hard-state storage device Usb Drive
the computer is one of the most important _____ of the past century. Inventions
The first computers were developed in the late _____ for use by the military and government. 1940's and 1950's
the first ____ computer was built in 1976. the IBCM PC was introduced in 1981. Apple
true of false? Periphal devices such as pronters and monitors are software. False hardware
Special purpose computers are used to ____ other devices. control
General purpose computers are divided into ____, based on their physical size. categories
Computers take____ and change it into information. New Data
You input progras and dara with some type of _____ program Input
the computer uses_____ to process the data and to turn it into information instructions
you ____ the information to some type of output device. You store it later for_____ Send; retreival
the_____ is a circuit board that contains integral components: central processing unit, memory, basic controllers, and expansion slots. MotherBoard
the central processing unit (CPU) is the _____ of the computer. the CP"U has two primary sections: the _____ and the _____. Brains; arithmetic/logic: control
The arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) perfoms ____ and ____ operations. Arithmetic; logical
the control unit____ all the processors activities. You____ with the computer through _____ languages. The computer uses machine languag, or _____, which is all 1's and0's. Coordinates: communicate: programming: binary
In____ language, the control unit sends out neccassary ___ to execute instructions. a single zero or a single one is a bit. A byte is a single character. Machine: messages
The memory on the motherboard is____, called random access memory (RAM). data, information, and program instructions are stored _____ on a RAM chip and dissappear after the computer is shutdown short term; Temporarily
The____ is the amount of time it takes to retrieve instrucions to perform a specified task and complete the command. The _______ refers to the amount of time it take then CPU to execute the instruction and store the results in RAM. togehter they make a _ Instruction cycle; execution Cycle; Machine Cycle
Another type of memory found on the motherboard is read-only memory (ROM). (ROM) chips store____ instructions that are needed for computers. Specific
The more common of there is the BIOCROM, containing instructions to_____ when you turn on the computer. Start the system
In order to keep a _____ of data, you must store it on a storage device. Permanent Copy
The data is stored in _____ in a special log on the disk dalled a file allocation table (FAT) Numbered tracks
Hard disk____ are speed and capacity. Magnetic tape is primarily used for ____ and ____. since the introduction of___ drives and solid-state storage media, disks are not as widely used. Advantages; backup purpose; data collection; USB
Optical Storage devices use____technology to read and write data on_____, like CDs and DVDs Laser; data on platters
removable medium that uses____, such as USB flash drive. Integrates circuit
Hard Drive or tape connected to a____ and is available to and shared by multiple users Network Server
True or False? Magnetic tapes are primarily used for backup purposesand data collection. True
Created by: GhostOfNappa
 

 



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