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Salts
Questions on Salts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Q: Salts are chemical compounds that are usually formed from the combination of ___ . | A: Salts are chemical compounds that are usually formed from the combination of an acid and a base in water. |
| Q: An example of combining an acid and a base to form a salt is combining a water solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) with a water solution of sodium hydroxide base (NaOH). What is formed? | A: They react to form common table salt (NaCl) and water: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O |
| Q: Another chemical reaction is combining the poisonous green chlorine gas (Cl2) with the explosive metallic sodium powder (Na) to form the beneficial white salt crystals. (This reaction would normally be done in a water solution). What is the formula? | A: Cl2 + 2Na → 2NaCl |
| Q: What happens if you remove the water from salts? | A: Removing water from salts usually results in crystalline material. A good example of such crystals is common table salt. |
| Q: When mixed with water, a salt may be reactive with other substances. Can you give an example? | A: For example, salty water can enhance the corrosion or rusting of steel. Also, some salts can cause burns or irritations on the skin, while others are actually poisonous. |
| Q: What is the Ph of a salt? | A: The pH scale is a measurement of the strength of an acid, salt or base. The pH of a salt falls between an acid and a base and is exactly 7.0. Litmus paper is often used to give a rough estimate of the pH. When wet with a salt solution, litmus paper wi |
| Q: Is KCl a salt? | A: Yes. Bases can often be identified by the OH term in the end of their chemical formula, while acids usually have an H at the start of the formula. Salts normally do not have either theOH or the H terms. The salt potassium chloride (KCl) is an example. |
| Q: Are salts used in biology? | A: Salts are important for sustaining life because they provide minerals to the body. |
| Q: What salt is used to melt ice on walks? Why? | A: Since NaCl and water can corrode materials, often CaCl is used to melt ice on the sidewalk in the winter. Calcium Chloride is much less corrosive. |
| Q: Can salt effect plant growth? | A: Too much salt in the soil can prevent plants from growing. |
| Q: Does sea water contain only one salt? | A: There are many types of salts dissolved in ocean water. |
| Q: Will a chemist find more acids, bases or salts in nature? | A: Since salts are more stable than either acids or bases, you will find more of them in nature. |
| Q: Why doesn't the equation Na + Cl → NaCl hold true? | A: Like oxygen and hydrogen, chlorine is always a molecule (Cl2) in nature |
| Q: How can you make salt crystals? | A: Evaporate the water from a salty solution |
| Q: Why can you find more salts than acids in nature? | A: Salts are more chemically stable |
| Q: Define a salt. | A: salt, chemical compound (other than water) formed by a chemical reaction between an acid and a base. |
| Q: Is trisodium phosphate, Na3PO4 a salt? | A: Yes. Since a salt may react with a solvent to yield different ions than were present in the salt (seehydrolysis), a solution of a normal salt may be acidic or basic; e.g., trisodium phosphate, Na3PO4, dissolves in and reacts with water to form a basi |
| Q: Salts are often grouped according to what? | A: Salts are often grouped according to the negative ion they contain, e.g., bicarbonate or carbonate, chlorate, chloride, cyanide, fulminate,nitrate, phosphate, silicate, sulfate, or sulfide. |
| Q: Are salts are always prepared by neutralization? | A: No. Salts are also prepared by methods other than neutralization. |
| Q: What taste do Acids have? | A: Acids are sour in taste. |
| Q: What is vinegar and why does it taste sour? | A: Vinegar is very dilute acetic acid. The vinegar used in cooking contains approximately 4% of acetic acid. The chemical formula of acetic acid is CH3COOH. |
| Q: What acid is in milk? | A: Milk contains lactic acid. Lactic acid is named after the Latin word 'lac', which means milk. |
| Q: What acid is used in car batteries? | A: Sulfuric acid is used in the manufacture of many car batteries. It is also known as 'Oil of Vitriol'. The chemical formula of Sulfuric acid is H2SO4. |
| Q: What acid give soft drinks the “fizz?” | A: Carbonic acid is responsible for the 'fizz' in soft drinks. The carbonic acid decomposes into Carbon dioxide bubbles. The chemical formula of Carbonic acid is H2CO3. |
| Q: What acid is associated with scurvy? | A: Ascorbic acid is the chemical name of Vitamin C. Deficiency of Vitamin C in the body may result in a disease known as scurvy. The chemical formula of ascorbic acid is C6H8O6. |
| Q: Describe the physical charistics of a base. | A: Bases are bitter in taste and soapy to touch. |
| Q: Are antacids acid, base or salt? | A: Base. Antacids help to neutralize the acidity (of hydrochloric acid) in the stomach. They chiefly contain two bases, namely Magnesium hydroxide and Aluminum hydroxide. The chemical formula of Magnesium hydroxide and Aluminum hydroxide is Mg(OH)2 and A |
| Q: What base is known as Caustic Soda? | A: Sodium hydroxide is also known as 'Caustic Soda'. Its chemical formula is NaOH. |
| Q: What is the base that is used in manufacturing alkaline batteries? | A: Potassium hydroxide is also known as 'Caustic Potash'. It is used in the manufacture of alkaline batteries. Its chemical formula is KOH. |
| Q: The element with 2 protons is? | A: Helium: He |
| Q: What element has 27 protons and is stable with 32 neutrons? | A: Cobalt. 27 P with 32 N is the stable Co59. Co60 has a 5.3 year half-life |
| Q: What is a basic gas that can be used to manufacture fertilizers? | A: Ammonia is a basic gas which is used in the manufacture of fertilizers such as Urea, Ammonium nitrate, and Ammonium sulfate. Ammonia is produced for commercial purposes by the Haber's Process. When dissolved in water, Ammonia forms a base known as Ammo |
| Q: Above what number of Protons are the elements radioactive? | A: 83. 84 and above all are radioactive. 43 and 61 are also radioactive. |
| Q: Is there an acid salt? | A: Yes. Sodium sulfate is a normal salt whereas Sodium bisulfate is an acid salt. |
| Q: Given the salts Sodium sulfide, Copper carbonate, Lead chloride, and Barium sulfate: which one is soluble in water? | A: Sodium sulfide is soluble in water whereas Copper carbonate, Lead chloride, and Barium sulfate are insoluble in water. Remember that these are salts. |
| Q: Is Sodium Carbonate a acid, base or salt? What is it used for? | A: Salt. Sodium carbonate is used in the manufacture of detergents and glass. |
| Q: What is one use of the salt ammonium nitrate? | A: Ammonium nitrate is used in the manufacture of fertilizers. |
| Q. Why is KCL used as a standard? | A. In chemistry and physics, it is a very commonly used standard, for example as a calibration standard solution in measuring electrical conductivity of (ionic) solutions, since carefully prepared KCl solutions have well-reproducible and well-repeatable m |
| Q. Is KCL has what type of structure? | A. Potassium chloride has a crystalline structure like many other salts. Its structure is face-centered cubic. Its lattice constant is roughly 6.3Å. |
| Q. KCL has a lattice constant that is roughly ? Å. | A. Potassium chloride has a crystalline structure like many other salts. Its structure is face-centered cubic. Its lattice constant is roughly 6.3Å. |
| Q. The primary use of KCL is? Why? | A. The majority of the potassium chloride produced is used for making fertilizer, since the growth of many plants is limited by their potassium intake. |
| Q. What can be used as a sodium free substitute for table salt (NaCl)? | A. KCL is a sodium-free substitute for table salt (sodium chloride). |
| Q. What salt is used in lethal injections, food processing and as a substitute for table salt? | A. KCL is also used in medicine, lethal injections, scientific applications, food processing, and as a sodium-free substitute for table salt (sodium chloride). |
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