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management ch 13
Question | Answer |
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two or more freely interacting individuals who share collective norms, share collective goals, and have a common identity | Group |
it is defined as a small group of people with complementary skills who are commiteed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable. | Team |
a group established to do something productive for the organization and is headed by a leader | Formal group |
a group formed by people seeking friendship and has no officially appointed leader, although a leader may emerge from the membership | Informal group |
The purpose of establishing team are | 1. Advice 2. Production. 3. Project 4. action |
The various types of teams are | 1. Continuous improvement team 2. Cross-functional team 3. Problem-solving team 4.Self-managed team 5. Top-management team 6. Virtual team 7. Work team |
teams that are created to broaden the information base for managerial decision | Advice teams |
Teams that are responsible for performing day to day operations | Production teams |
Teams that work to do creative problem solving, often by applying the specialized knowledge of members of a cross-functional team. | Project teams |
teams that work to accomplish tasks that requre people with 1. specialized training, 2. a high degree of coordination. | Action Teams |
Which is staffed with specialists pursuing a common objective | Cross-functional Team |
which consist of small groups of volunteers or workers and supervisors who meet intermittently to discuss workplace and quality related problems | Continuous improvement team |
Members composed of people from different department, such as sales and production, pursuing a common objective | Cross-functional team |
Knowledgeable workers who meet as a temporary team to sove a specific problem and then disband | Problem-solving team |
Workers are trained to do all or most of the jobs in a work untio, have no direct supervisor, and do their own day to day supervision | Top management team |
Members interact by computer network to collaborate on projects | Virtual team |
Members engage in collective work requiring coordianted effort;purpose of team is advice, production, project, or action | Work Team |
groups of workers who are given administrative oversight for their task domains | Self-managed teams |
The process of getting oriented and getting acquainted | Forming |
It is characterized by the emergence of individual personalities and roles and conflicts within the group | Storming |
Conflicts are resolved, close relationships develop, and unity and harmony emerge | Norming |
a "we" feeling binding group members together | Group cohesiveness |
Members concentrate on solving problems and completing the assigned task | Performing |
members prepare for disbandment | Adjourning |
The considerations in building a group into an effective team are: | 1. Performance goals and feedback 2. Motivation through mutual accountability 3. Size 4. Roles 5. norms 6. cohesiveness 7. groupthink |
advantages of 9 or fewer members on a team are: | 1. Better interaction 2. Better morale - seeing the worth of individual contributions. |
Disadvantages of fewer members on a team are: | 1. Fewer resources 2. Possibly less innovation 3. Unfair work distribution |
advantages of large team | 1. more resource 2. division of labor |
in which the work is divided into particular tasks that are assigned to particular workers | Division of labor |
Disadvantages of large teams | 1. Less interaction 2. lower morale - less commitment because people are less able to see the worth of their contribution. 3. Social loafing |
The tendency of people to exert less effort when working in groups than when working alone. | Socal loafing |
Socially determined expectations of how individuals should behave in a specific positions. | Roles |
Consists of behavior that concentrates on getting the team's tasks done. | Task role |
relationship-oriented role, consists of behavior that fosters constrructive relationships among team members | maintenance role |
general guidelines or rules of behavior that most group or team members follow. | Norms |
fOUr reasons why norms are enforced: | 1. To help the group survive 2. To clarify role expectation 3.To help individuals avoid embarrassing sitaution. 4. To emphasize the group's important values and identity. |
The tendency of a group or team to stick together | Cohesiveness. |
a cohesive group's blid unwillingness to consider alternatives | Groupthink |
a process in which one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party. | Conflict |
conflict that hinders the organization's performance or threatens its interests. | Negative conflict |
Conflict which benefits the main purposes of the organization and serves its interests. | Constructive conflict. |
interpersonal opposition based on personal dislike, disagreement, or differing styles. | Personality conflict |
Three kinds of conflicts: | 1. Personality conflict 2. Intergroup conflict 3. Cross cultural conflict. |
it is designed to elicit diffferent opinions without inciting people's personal feelings. | Programmed conflict. |
THe processof assigning someone to play the role of critic | Devil's advocacy |
The process of having two peple or groups play opposing roles in a debate in order to better understand a proposal. | Dialectic method |