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Physics Unit 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Most properties of light could be explained by the ________ theory of light. | wave |
| Light ________ is explained by the particle theory of light. | emission |
| As energy is added to an atom, its electrons shift to a(n) __________ energy level. | higher |
| As the energy level shifts back to a normal state, a(n) ___________ is released. | photon |
| Different amounts of energy produce light of different ____________. | frequencies |
| The nucleus of an atom contains __________ and neutrons. | protons |
| An atom in its normal state has the same number of protons as _________. | electrons |
| Charges undergoing ____________ produce electromagnetic radiation. | acceleration |
| According to classical physics, _____________ are in a constant state of acceleration. | electrons |
| An electron's energy never _____________ in its orbit. | diminishes |
| Each element has its own characteristic _____________ of light. | emission spectrum |
| A spectroscope produces a clear picture of an element's ____________. | emission spectrum |
| As an element is heated, it incandesces, which means it emits _____________. | light |
| When a gas is put in a container and illuminated with incandescent light, the gas __________ certain wavelengths of the light. | absorbs |
| An element's absorption spectrum is ______________ its emissions spectrum. | the same as |
| ___________ believed that light consisted of a stream of particles, even though his experiments with lenses, mirrors, and glass plates suggested to him that light traveled in waves. | Isaac Newton |
| ___________ double slit experiment showed that light consisted of waves. | Thomas Young's |
| ___________ study of blackbody radiation led to the development of a constant that bears his name. | Max Planck's |
| _________ theoretical work led to experimentation that proved that light consists of particles. | Albert Einstein's |
| As the temperature of a blackbody rises, the frequency of the radiation emitted will _______. | rise |
| The failure of a blackbody to emit high levels of radiation in the ultraviolet range is called the ______________. | ultraviolet catastrophe |
| The photoelectric effect is the phenomenon of _____________ being emitted when light strikes a metal surface. | electrons |
| The maximum rate of release of particles by the photoelectric effect is related to the _____________ of light. | frequency |
| The only way the photoelectric effect can be satisfactorily explained is by the ___________ theory of light. | particle |
| Light arrives at its destination as ____________. | photons |
| Niels Bohr called the dual nature of light ______________. | complementarity |
| The energy of a photon is found by dividing the frequency of the light wave by ____________. | Planck's constant |
| The planetary model of the atom has ___________ orbiting the nucleus of the atom. | electrons |
| The "raisin-pudding" model of the atom stated that electrons were in orbits at a _____________ from the nucleus defined by the energy state of the electron. | distance |
| The quantum and planetary models both failed to explain why electrons did not give off __________________ during their orbits. | electromagnetic radiation |
| Light consists of electromagnetic waves. T/F | True |
| Light consists of streams of particles. T/F | True |
| The scientist who suggested that particles of matter in motion should have wave properties was ________________. | de Broglie |
| The physicist who suggested that a wave function could determine the probability of an electron occupying any particular energy shell was _____________. | Schrodinger |
| The scientist who stated that it was impossible to be certain about the precise momentum and position of an electron at any one instant was ____________. | Heisenberg |
| Each energy shell is made up of one or more __________ traveling with a particular frequency. | electrons |
| An electron's oscillations are performed at _________ wavelengths at all times. | exact |
| The electron ___________ find an energy level where its oscillations form a standing wave. | must |
| The quantum numbers, taken together, give an ___________ picture of the configuration of each electron in the atom. | accurate |
| The scientist who gave a quantum description and formula to describe the curve of radiation in blackbodies was _____________. | Planck |
| The scientist who discovered the electron was ________________. | Thomson |
| The scientist responsible for introducing the second and third quantum numbers was _____________. | Sommerfeld |
| Wave motion is the reason that electrons inhabit specific energy shells. T/F | True |
| Each energy shell of a proton is a standing wave of vibrations of the proton. T/F | False |
| Samuel Goudsmit and George Uhlenbeck were among the first scientists to accept the "matter wave" theory. T/F | False |
| The probabilities of an electron's position are best visualized with an electron cloud diagram. T/F | True |
| The uncertainty in position and momentum of an electron is a principle developed by Einstein. T/F | False |
| The complementarity principle was developed by Niels Bohr. T/F | True |
| The first or principal quantum number has to do with the ______________. | energy shell level in which the electron is located at any one time |
| The second or angular momentum quantum number has to do with the _________________. | shape an orbital will have |
| The third or magnetic quantum number has to do with the ____________. | orbital's orientation around the nucleus |
| The fourth or spin quantum number has to do with the _______________. | intensity of spectral lines |
| Light emission is explained by the ___________ theory of light. | particle |
| As _____________ is added to an atom, the electrons shift to a higher energy level. | energy |
| The ____________ of an atom consists of protons and neutrons. | nucleus |
| Thomas Young's double slit experiment showed that light consisted of ______________. | waves |
| The ultraviolet catastrophe is the failure of a(n) ___________ to emit high levels of radiation in the ultraviolet range. | blackbody |
| Thomson discovered the __________. | electron |
| Each energy shell of an electron is a(n) _____________ of vibrations of the electron. | standing wave |
| Each energy shell is made up of one or more ____________ traveling with a particular frequency. | electrons |
| An electron cloud diagram shows the ____________ of an electron's position. | probabilities |
| The scientist who suggested that particles of matter in motion should have wave properties was ______________. | de Broglie |
| The scientist who suggested that a wave function could determine the probability of an electron occupying any particular energy shell was ____________. | Schrodinger |
| The scientist who stated that it was impossible to be certain about the precise momentum and position of a particle at any one instant was _____________. | Heisenberg |
| The electron must find an energy level where its oscillations form a(n) ____________. | standing wave |
| The scientist who gave a quantum description and formula to describe the curve of the radiation in blackbodies was ____________. | Planck |
| The scientist who discovered the second and third quantum numbers was _______________. | Sommerfeld |
| The "raisin-pudding" model of the atom has electrons floating around in a(n) ___________ charged "sea". | positively |
| An atom in its normal state has the same number of protons as ____________. | electrons |
| According to classical physics, _________ are in a constant state of acceleration. | electrons |
| Different amounts of energy added to an atom produce ____________ of different frequencies. | light |
| The planetary model of the atom has ____________ orbiting the nucleus of the atom. | electrons |
| The energy of a photon is found by dividing the frequency of the light wave by _______________. | Planck's constant |
| The principle that it is impossible to be sure of both the position and momentum of an electron at any one instant is called the ___________. | uncertainty principle |
| The quantum number associated with the energy shell level in which the electron is located at any one time is the ______________ quantum number. | first |
| As _____________ is/are added to an atom, its electrons shift to a higher energy level. | energy |
| As the energy level of an atom shifts from an excited state back to a normal state, a(n) _____________ is released. | photon |
| Different amounts of energy produce light of different ____________. | frequencies |
| The photoelectric effect is the phenomenon of _______________ being emitted when light strikes a metal surface. | electrons |
| ____________ called the dual nature of light complementarity. | Bohr |
| The uncertainty principle is most closely associated with _____________. | Heisenberg |
| To get a clear picture of the characteristic light emissions from an element, use a _____________. | spectroscope |
| An element's absorption spectrum is ________________ its emission spectrum. | the same as |
| As an element is heated, it incandesces, which means it emits _____________. | light |
| Light consists of ________________ waves. | electromagnetic |
| Light consists of streams of _____________. | photons |
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jhincks
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