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Cervical anat/biomec

cervical 1

QuestionAnswer
Craniovertebral Region Occipute, atlas, axis & supporting ligaments 25% of vertical height Injuries here can involve brain, brainstem, spinal cord HA, dizzy
Cervical Facet Alignment 45 degrees from frontal & horizontal planes Allows flex/ext Coupling (side bend & rotation) always ipsilateral
Thoracic Facet Alignment 20 to 30 degrees off frontal plane Allows for side flexion & rotation (less for flex/ext) T10-12: aligns more in sagittal plane allows more flex/ext Varied coupling
Lumbar facet alignment L-shaped facets Ideal for flexion extension Resist rotation
Cervial spine vertebrate Vary: 1st cerv & thor, 5th lumbar, & sacral vert represent needs for joining to adjacent Transitional vertebrae: CT, TL, LS jct (2 common regions) - link Inc size from ceph to cauda show need for inc WB Typical C3-C6 Atypical C1,C2,C7 C1 = washer (f
regional charcateristics Articular facets are oriented obliquely and permit a large ROM. impaired AA float - BAD C2/7 = transverse process for vertebral arteries C2/7 SP prominent
Intervertebral Joint (between vertebral bodies) Symphysis
Facet joints Synovial plane joint (diarthrodial) Cervical, Lumbar and thoracic: Side flexion & rotation equally limited, extension
OA joint True synovial, with fibroadipose meniscoid. Nearly in horizontal plane Extension and rotation equally limited (?)
AA joint Dens/atlas: synovial trochoid (pivot jt) Two lateral facet jt: plane synovial jts
nuchal ligament Not really a ligament Powerful anti-shear mechanism secondary to fiber arrangement taught in long flexion
ligamentum nuchae In the cervical region is an elaborate extension of the supraspinous ligament. It provides attachment for muscles in the posterior neck. Its elastic component gives it the ability to passively assist in head control and to return energy to the system.
AA joint post roll= extend - anterior slide ant roll= nod yes- posterior slide 50% rotation
AA convexity SB right = L rot..... R fwd + L back rotation = condyles both inferior and turn oppo direction
tectoral membrane resis CV flexion
ligamentum flavum posterior Alar
alar ligament -limits flexion and axial rotaion for C1 and C2 -taught in rotation, contralateral side flex, resist distraction
rotation OA contralaterally couple AA ipsilateral couple
Side bend OA and AA will contralaterally couple SB left = rot R, left ant rt post BOTH inf
C1 Atlas no spinous process, no body force from occiput --> rest of spine washer glide contra with rotation glide ipsi with flexion
OA joint flx/ext= ant roll, post glide (both condyles) side bend/rot=always contralateral coupling
AA dens pivot on arch biconvex (C1/C2) tilt with flx/ext inf glide C1 on C2 with rotation
Rotation biomechanics atlantoaxial ROM - 45 degrees contribuete about 55% of cervical ROM dysfunction 1st vertebrate will have significant ROM loss
Lower cervical biomechanics U joint- clefts in disc, Uncovertebral C2-C6 ipsilateral SB/rot flx = bilateral upslide ext = bilateral downslide R side flex= R down and L up
OA flexion 15-20 degrees side bend 9 degrees both sides axial rotation 0, but 8 if forced
AA with rotation ipsilateral condyle slides post contralateral condyle move anterior both sides slide inf telescope head downaward
AA- flexion variable flexion about 10 degrees flexion limited by textoral membrane extension limited by anterior arch C1 Side bending approx 5 degrees
biomechanics- rotexion start rotation, then SB OA contra couple AA ipsi couple C2/3 ipsi couple
biomechanics - Latexion start Sb, then rot OA contra couple AA conta couple C2/3 ipsi couple
Rotexion vs Latexion at AA coupling varies rotexion ipsi latexion contra
facet alignment- cervical 45 degrees from frontal and horiz planes allows flx/ext coupling SB/rot always ipsi
facet alignment - thoracic 20 - 30 degress off frontal plane allows for side flex and rot T10-12 aligns more in saggital plane more flx/ext varied coupling
facet alignment - lumbar L shaped facets ideal for flx/ext resist rotation
Created by: eburger11
 

 



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