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First Semester Exam
Social Studies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A separatist group that rejected Englands official church | Pilgrims |
| Vowed to obey laws agreed on for the good of the colony | Mayflower Compact |
| religious group left England to escape bad treatment from King James I | Puritans |
| Extended voting rights to non-church members and limited the power of the governor. | Fundamental orders of Conneticut |
| Companies were backed by investors and got shares of stocks | Joint-stock Company |
| a hand written contract, by the government giving the holder the right to establish a colony | Charter |
| First permanent English settlement. Named in honor of King James | Jamestown |
| Men and Women would sell their labor to the person who paid their passage | Indentured servents |
| Created in 1619, became the first representstive assembly in the America's | Houses of Burgesses |
| granted to an individual or group by the British crown | Proprietary Colony |
| became another large land owner in America. This land became Pennsylvania | William Penn |
| Believed that people should live in Ppeace and harmony | Quaker |
| Carolina, rolled by governors appointed by the king and was divided into North and South Carolina | Royal Colony |
| Founded Georgia as a refuge for debtors | James Oglethorpe |
| A soldier and adventurer, who took control of Jamestown | John Smith |
| The first colony that England established, yet it misteriously disappeared after a few years | Roanoke(1586) |
| A colonial region that ran along the Appalachian Mountains though the far western part of the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies | Backcountry |
| to illegally import or export goods | Smuggling |
| a worker hired by a planter to watch over and direct the work of slaves | Overseer |
| a farm that produces enough food for the family with a small additional amount for trade. | Subsistance Farming |
| a crop grown by a farmer to be sold for money rather than for personal use | Cash Crop |
| a mountain range the backed the thirteen colonies | Appalachian Mountains |
| the translatic system of trade in which goods, including slaves,were exchanged between Africa, England, Europe, the west indies, and the colonies in North America. | Triangle trade |
| a variety of people | Diversity |
| a series of laws by Parliment , beginning in 1651,to ensure that England made money from its colonies trade. | Navigation Acts |
| a plant grown in the Southern colonies that yields a deep blue dye | Indigo |
| a revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during the 1730s and 1740s | Great Awakening |
| a famous enlightenment figure | Benjamin Franklin |
| a hands-off policy of England toward its American colonies during the first half of the 1700s | Salutary Neglect |
| the first formal proposal to unlike the American colonies, put forth by benjamin Franklin | Albany Plan of Union |
| an order in which Britain prohibited its American colonists form settling west of the Appalachian mountains | Proclamation of 1763 |
| one of the best known preachers;errified listeners with the image of God's anger, but were promised that they could be saved | Jonathan Edwards |
| a English philosepherargued that people have natural rights. These rights are life, liberty, and property | John Locke |
| he was the publisher of the New-York Weekly Journal, stood trial for printing critism of New York's govenor. | John Peter Zenger |
| drew thousands of people to his sermons and raised funds for homes for orphans | George Whitefield |
| "Great Charter" a document guarenteeing basic political rights in England, approved by King John in 1215 | Magna Carta |
| a conflict in Norht America from 1754 to 1763 that was apart of a world wide struggle between France and Britain; Britain defeated france and got French Canada | French and Indian War |
| an order in which Britain prohibited its American colonists form settling west of the Appalachian mountains | Treaty of Paris 1763 |
| a revolt against British forts and American settlers in 1763, led in part by Ottawa war leader Pontiac, in response to settlers claims of Native American lands and to harsh treatment by British soldiers | Pontiac's Rebllion |
| an 18th century movement that emphasized the use of reason and the scientifis method to obtain knowledge. | Enlightenment |
| England's chief law makeing body | Parliament |
| THe British Monarch, wanted to enforce the proclamation and also keep peace with Britains Native American Allies | King George III |
| a refusal to buy certain goods | Boycott |
| a leader of the Boston sons of Liberty, he urged colonists to continue to resist British controls | Samual Adams |
| the dumping of 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor by colonists in 1773 to protest the tea acts | Boston Tea Party |
| an American colonist who sided with the rebels in the American Revolution | Loyalist |
| an officer who had played a role in the victory at fort Ticonderoga | Benedict Arnold |
| a law passed by Parliament in 1764 that placed a tax on sugar, molasses, and other products shipped to the colonies; also called for harsh punishment on smugglers | Sugar Act |
| a law passed by paliament in1765 that required the colonies to house and supply British soldiers | Quartering Act |
| a group of colonists who formed a secret society to oppose British policies at the time of the American Revolution | Sons of Liberty |
| a clash between British soldiers and Boston colonists in 1770, in which five of the colonists, including Crispus Attucks, were killed | Boston Massacre |
| a series of laws enacted by Parliament in 1774 to punish Massachusetts colonists fo rthe Boston Tea Party | Intolerable Acts |
| An American colonist who sided with the rebels in the American Revolution | Patriot |
| Composed the Declaration of Independence | Thomas Jefferson |
| He wrote Common Sense and the Crisis. | Thomas Paine |
| a 1765 law passed by Parliament that required all legal and commercial documents to carry an unconstitutional law | Stamp Act |
| a serries of laws passed by Parliament in 1767 that suspended New York's assembly and established taxes on goods brought into the British colonies | Townshend Acts |
| a group of people in the colonies who exchanged letters on colonial affairs | Committee of Correspondence |
| a meeting where delegates voted to ban all trade with Britain until the Intolerable acts were repleated | 1st Continental Congress |
| sites in massachusetts of first battles of the American Revolution | Lexington and concord |
| the document, written in 1776, in which the colonies declared independence from Britain | Declaration of Independence |
| Britain put a tax on tea | Tea Act |
| a member of Virginia's House of Burgesses, called for resistance to the tax | Patrick Henry |
| Search warrant that allowed British officers to enter colonial homes or businesses to search for smuggled goods | Writs of Assistance |
| charged along with William Daes with spreading the news about British troop movements | Paul Revere |
| a governing body whose delegates agreed, in Mat 1775, to form the continental Army and to approve the declaration of Independence | 2nd Continental Congress |
| teh commander of the continental Army | Georgre Washington |
| a long steel knif eattached to the end of a gun | Bayonet |
| British General | Lord Cornwallis |
| the treaty that ended the Revolutionary War, confirming the independence of the United States and setting the boundries of teh new nation | Treaty of Paris 1783 |
| a professional soldier hired to fight for a foreign country | Mercenary |
| to leave military duty without intending to return | Desert |
| a soldier who weakens the enemy with surprise raids and hit-and-run attacks | guerilla |
| where George Washington and his men took refuge for the winter | Valley Forge |
| an overall plan of action | Strategy |
| a privately owned ship that has government during wartime to attack an enemies merchant ships | privateer |
| the last major attle of the revolutionary war, which resulted in the surrender of the British foces in 1781 | Battle of York Town |
| a 19 year old French nobleman who volunteered to serve in Washington's Army | Marquis de Lafayette |
| a series of conflicts between British soldiers and the Continental Army in 1777 that proved to be a turning point in the revolutionary war | Battle of Saratoga |
| Won the most famous sea battle, "I have not yet begun to fight" | John Paul Jones |
| the crime of betraying one's country | Treason |
| a document, adopted by the continental congress in 1777 and finally approved by the states in1781, that outlined the form of government of the new U.S. | Articles of Confederation |
| it described how the Northwest territory was to be governed and set conditions for settlement and settlers' rights | Northwest Ordinance |
| One of the ablest delegates; read more than 100 books on government | James Madison |
| teh constitutional's convention's agreement to establish a twohouse legislator, with all states having representation in one house and each state having representation based on its population | Great Compromise |
| a person who opposed the ratification of the U.S. Constituion in the other house | Anti-Federalists |
| first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution and protected the people's basic rights | Bill of Rights |
| a law that established a plan for surveying and selling the federally owned lands west of the Appalachian mountains | Land Ordinance of 1785 |
| an uprising of debt ridden massachusets farmers in 1787 | Shay's Rebellion |
| a plan proposed by Edmund Randolph, a delagate to the constitutional convention in 1787, that proposed a government with 3 branches and a 2 house legislator in which representation would be based on a state's population | Virginia Plan |
| the constituional convention's agreement to count 3/5 of a state's slaves as population for purposes of representation and taxation | THree-fifths compronmise |
| series of essays defining and explaining the constitution | The Federalist Papers |
| territory covered by the Land Ordinance of 1785, which included land that formed the states of Ohio,Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota | Norhtwest Territory |
| a meeting held in 1787 to consider changes to the Articles of confederation; resulte din the drafting of the constitution | constitutional Convention |
| a plan of government proposed at the constitutional convention in 1787 that called fo r a one-house legislator in which each state would have one vote | New Jersey Plan |
| supporters of the constitution | Federalists |
| an antifederalist who was a former delegate | George Mason |
| whenthe people want the people to rule | Popular Sovereignty |
| the dividing of the government into three branches | Separation of Powers |
| the peoples individual rights | Individual Rights |
| the people elecdt representatives to rule | Republicanism |
| the process which one branch limits (checks) the powers of another branch | Checks and Balances |
| the introduction to the U.S. Constitution | Preamble |
| where power is shared between the state and national governments | Federalism |
| Government . restricted with reference to governing powers by limitations prescribed in laws and in a constitution, as in limited monarchy; limited government . | Limited Government |
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