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Exam III React Hank
Organic Chemistry I, Exam III, Loudon 9-11
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Alcohol --> alkene (1) | acid-catalyzed dehydration of alcohol |
Conversion of alcohols in alkyl halides (4) | 1. alcohol + alkyl halide by substitution 2. convert an alcohol to a sulfonate ester for alkyl chloride 3. alcohol + SOCL2 4. alcohol + PBr3 |
Oxidation of alcohols | 1a. primary alcohol + anhydrous chromium VI (aldehydes) 1b. primary alcohol + chromium VI (carboxylic acids) 2. secondary alcohol + chromium vi (ketones) |
Synthesis of alcohols from alkenes | 1. hydroboration-oxidation--follows Markovnikov's Rule 2. oxymercuration-reduction--anti-Markovnikov's Rule |
Synthesis of Ethers and Sulfides | 1. Williamson Ether Synthesis--alkylation of an alkoxide 2. Alkoxymercuration-Reduction 3. Alcohol dehydration to form ether 4. Alkene addition to form ether |
Synthesis of Epoxides | 1. Oxidation of Alkene with peroxycarboxylic acid 2. Cyclization of halohydrins (intra-molecular Williamson Ether Synthesis) 3. |
Cleavage of Ethers | Using acid of either concentrated or trace amounts |
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Epoxides | 1. Ring Opening under Basic--at least substituted carbon 2. Ring Opening Under Acidic--at most substituted carbon 3. Reaction with Grignard reagents to add alkyl groups |
Preparation of Glycols | 1. Acid-catalyzed reaction of epoxide with h20 2. Oxidation of alkene with OsO4 3. Reaction with KMnO4 |
Oxidative cleavage of glycol | using Periodic Acid |