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Miladys Esthetics C5
Chapter 5 Anatomy and Physiology intro to bones Pt 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Basic unit of all living things | cell |
| a colorless jelly like substance in which food elements and water are present | protoplasm |
| constructive metabolism is... | anabolism |
| the breaking down of complex compounds into smaller ones | catabolism |
| bone cartilage ligament fat and tendons are all examples of what kind of tissue | connective |
| nerve tissue composed of special cells are called | neurons |
| there are __ many major systems in the human body | 11 major systems |
| this systems is nicknamed the "foundation" of the human body | skeletal system |
| this system shapes and supports the body, protects various internal structures and organs, serves as an attachment for muscles, produces white and red blood cells, and stores calcium, phosphorus,magnesium and sodium | skeletal system |
| how many bones in the human body? | 206 |
| how many bones in the human skull | 22 |
| is the study of structures of the human body that can be seen with the naked eye and what they are made up of. | Anatomy |
| the study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures | physiology |
| study of the tiny structures found in living tissues, that is, microscopic anatomy | histology |
| Estheticians focus on what parts of the body? | head neck arms and hands |
| how many cells make up the human body | trillions |
| the dense active protoplasm found in the center of the cell | nucleus |
| what is deoxyribonucleic acid? | DNA |
| encloses the protoplasm and permits stuff in and out of the cell | cell membrane |
| mitosis is.... | cell reproduction (by division of cells) |
| cells reproduce by dividing into 2 identical cells called | daughter cells |
| favorable conditions for cell reproduction to occur | plenty of food oxygen and water, suitable temps, and the ability to eliminate waste |
| what are the 4 types of tissues in the body | connective, epithelial. muscular, and nerve |
| this kind of tissue is the protective covering on body surfaces ex. skin | epithelial tissue |
| this kind of tissue contracts and moves the various parts of the body | muscular tissue |
| this kind of tissue carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all bodily functions | nerve tissue |
| groups of tissues designed to perform a specific function are called | organs |
| groups of bodily organs acting together to perform one or more functions | body systems |
| this system controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessels | circulatory system |
| this system changes food into nutrients and wastes, consists of mouth, stomach, intestines, salivary and gastric glands, and other organs | digestive system |
| this system affect the growth, development, sexual activities and health of the entire body | endocrine system |
| this system purifies the body by the elimination of waste matter | excretory system |
| this system serves as a protective covering and helps in regulating the body's temperature consists of skin sweat and oil glands, sensory receptors, hair and nails | integumentary system |
| this system covers, shapes, and supports the skeleton tissue also contracts and moves various parts of the body | Muscular system |
| this system controls and coordinates all other systems and makes them work harmoniously and efficiently | nervous system |
| this system responsible for process by which plants, and animals produce offspring | reproductive system |
| this system enables breathing supplying the body with oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide as a waste product | respiratory system |
| this system is the physical foundation of the body | skeletal system |
| this system protects the body from disease by developing immunities and destroying disease-causing microorganisms | lymphatic or immune system |
| this kind of tissue is composed of several types of bone cells embedded in a web of inorganic salts like calcium and phosphorus to give the bones strength and collagen fibers to give the bones flexibility | bone tissue |
| the connection between 2 or more bones of the skeleton | joint |
| 1 type of a joint such as elbows knees and hips | movable joints |
| 1 type of joint such as pelvis or skull | immovable joint |
| how many bones in the cranium | 8 |
| forms the back of the skull above the nape | occipital bone |
| form the sides and crown of the cranium | 2 parietals bones |
| forms the forehead | frontal bones |
| forms the sides of the head in the ear region | 2 temporals bones |
| light spongy bone between the eye sockets that forms part of the nasal cavities | ethmoid bone |
| joins all the bones of the cranium together | sphenoid bone |
| how many bones in the face? | 14 |
| forms the bridge of the nose | 2 nasal bones |
| the smallest and most fragile bones of the face in the front inside part of the eye socket | 2 lacrimals bones |
| forms the prominence of the cheeks aka malar bones | 2 zygomatic bones |
| forms the upper jaw | 2 maxillary bones |
| forms the lower jawbone the largest and strongest bone of the face | mandible bones |
| thin layers of spongy bone on both outer walls of the nasal depression | 2 turbinals bones |
| flat thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum | vomer bones |
| forms the hard palate of the mouth | 2 palatine bones |
| U shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and its muscles | hyoid bone |
| the seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column located in the neck region | cervical vertebrae C1 through C7 |
| an elastic bony cage made up of the sternum spine 12 pairs of ribs and connective cartilage protects organs | thorax |
| breastbone aka | sternum |
| aka collarbone | clavicle -2 per body |
| aka shoulder blade | scapula 2 per body |
| uppermost and largest bone of the arm (elbow to shoulder) | humerus 2 per body |
| the inner and larger bone of the forearm ( elbow to pinky finger) | ulna |
| smaller bone in the forearm on the same side as the thumb | radius |
| a flexible joint composed of 8 small irregular bones held together by ligaments | carpus (wrist) |
| consisting of 5 long slender bones | metacarpus (palm) |
| bones in the fingers 3 in each finger and 2 in each thumb (14 total) | phalanges |
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flyingweirdos