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Chem - Chap 8
Section 2 - Types of Chemical Reaction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound | Synthesis Reaction |
| a reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances | decomposition reaction |
| the process in which an electric current is used to produce a chemical reaction, such as the decomposition of water | Electrolysis |
| a reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound | single-displacement reaction |
| the oxidation reaction of an organic compound, in which energy as heat is released | combustion Reaction |
| five basic types of reactions | synthesis,decomposition, single-displacement, double-displacement, and combustion reactions |
| One simple type of synthesis reaction is the combination of an element with oxygen to produce an | oxide of the element |
| Most metals react with the Group 17 elements, the halogens, to form | ionic or covalent compounds |
| Group 1 metals react with halogens to form | ionic compounds with the formula MX, where M is the metal and X is the halogen |
| Group 2 metals react with the halogens to form ionic compounds with | formula MX2. |
| is so reactive that it combines with almost all metals | Fluorine |
| can be used to neutralize hydrochloric acid in your stomach | Calcium hydroxide |
| Oxides of active metals react with water to produce | metal hydroxides |
| highly reactive metals | Active metals |
| known as lime or quicklime | Calcium oxide, CaO |
| The addition of water to lime produce | Ca(OH)2,which is also known as slaked lime |
| one of the main ingredients in acid rain | sulfurous acid further reacts with oxygen to form sulfuric acid |
| metal oxides and nonmetal oxides react with each other in synthesis reactions to form | salts |
| Decomposition reactions are the opposite of | synthesis reactions |
| Decomposition reactions are represented by this equation | AX --> A + X |
| Most decomposition reactions take place only when energy is in what form | electricity or heat is added |
| The simplest kind of decomposition reaction is | the decomposition of a binary compound into its elements |
| Who discovered oxygen through such a decomposition reaction in 1774, when he heated mercury(II) oxide to produce mercury and oxygen | Joseph Priestley |
| When mercury(II) oxide (the red-orange substance in the bottom of the test tube) is heated, it decomposes into | oxygen and metallic mercury |
| When a metal carbonate is heated, it breaks down to produce | metal chloride and oxygen |
| All metal hydroxides except those containing Group 1 metals decompose when heated to yield | metal oxides and water |
| When a metal chlorate is heated, it decomposes to produce | a metal chloride and oxygen |
| Certain acids decompose into | nonmetal oxides and water |
| Carbonic acid is unstable and decomposes readily at room temperature to produce | carbon dioxide and water |
| heated, sulfuric acid decomposes into | sulfur trioxide and water |
| Single-displacement reactions can be represented by the following general equations. | A + BX --> AX + B or Y + BX --> BY + X |
| When solid aluminum is placed in aqueous lead(II) nitrate, Pb(NO3)2(aq), the aluminum replaces the lead and forms | Solid lead and aqueous aluminum nitrate |
| The most-active metals, such as those in Group 1, react vigorously with water to produce | metal hydroxides and hydrogen |
| Less-active metals, such as iron, react with steam to form a | metal oxide and hydrogen gas. |
| The most combine active halogen | Fluorine |
| in Group 17 each element can replace any element below it,but not | any element above it |
| One of the compounds formed by a double displacement reactions is | usually a precipitate, an insoluble gas that bubbles out of the solution, or a molecular compound, usually water |
| The formation of a precipitate occurs when | the cations of one reactant combine with the anions of another reactant to form an insoluble or slightly soluble compound. |
| examples of combustion reactions | The burning of natural gas, propane, gasoline, and wood |
Created by:
tbstinso
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