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Government Chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Carl Everett Ladd argues that Americans | B. are in the midst of an explosion of joining voluntary groups. |
| In "Bowling Alone," Robert Putnam argues that | D. fewer Americans are joining groups |
| 3. Recent research shows that interest group membership is | D. rapidly changing in nature and scope. |
| 4. Interest groups often | D. all of the above. |
| 5. Americans make claims on their government through | D. all of the above |
| 6.David Truman's theory explaining why interest groups form, is called | C. disturbance theory. |
| 7. Robert Salisbury stressed that __________ play(s) a large role in the formation of groups. | A. entrepreneurs |
| 8. The Christian Coalition, the National Organization of Women, and other such groups are examples of __________ interest groups. | A. multi-issue |
| 9. Operation Rescue, the National Rifle Association, Act-Up, and other such groups are examples of __________ interest groups. | B. single issue |
| 10. Business groups, labor unions, trade associations, and other such groups are examples of __________ interest groups. | D. economic |
| 11. Common Cause, peace groups, environmental organizations, and other such groups are examples of __________ interest groups. | C. public |
| 12. The AFL-CIO has approximately __________ million members. | B. 13 |
| 13. The American Association of Retired Persons has approximately __________ members. | D. 32 million |
| 14. The American Medical Association has approximately __________ members. | A. 300,000 |
| 15. The largest single interest group in the country is the | B. AARP |
| 16. Local groups were common in the early years of the country, but the first truly national groups began to emerge in the | A. 1830s. |
| 17. The 1960s and 1970s were characterized by | C. the rise of public interest groups. |
| 18. In order to promote the interests of businesses, the __________ was formed in 1895. | C. National Association of Manufacturers |
| 19. One of the most well known public interest groups that focuses on good government is called | D. Public Citizen. |
| 20. In 1978, a number of conservative groups began to form in response to the successes of a number of liberal interest groups in shaping and defining the public agenda during the previous decade. Among these groups was the | D. Moral Majority. |
| 21. In 1990, the host of a popular television program, The 700 Club, formed a new political group. His name was | C. Pat Robertson |
| 22. In 1997, __________% of workers belong to a labor union. | A. 13.9 |
| 23. In 2000, the AFL-CIO changed their tactics for affecting the elections and began to | B. focus on grass-roots organization and lobbying. |
| 24. The downside of interest groups is that they can | D. all of the above. |
| 25. Interest groups play an important role in American politics because they | D. all of the above. |
| 26. The activities of groups and organizations that seek to influence legislation and persuade political leaders to support a group's positions is called | C. lobbying. |
| 27. The most often used lobbying techniques include | D. all of the above. |
| 28. Almost all interest group lobbying includes | C. contacting government officials |
| 29. Many of the most effective lobbyists are | D. all of the above |
| 30. A lobbyist's effectiveness depends on | A. a reputation for honesty and fair play. |
| 31. A lobbyist's effectiveness depends upon his/her | B. reputation for fairness and provision of accurate information. |
| 32. Interest groups that want to lobby the executive branch generally target the | D. all of the above. |
| 33. An especially strong link exists between | C. interest groups and regulatory agencies. |
| 34. Interest groups lobby the courts through | C. sponsoring lawsuits and filing briefs. |
| 35. Grassroots lobbying includes such tactics as | D. all of the above. |
| 36. In the last 5 years or so, grassroots communication to Congress has been drastically changed due to | B. Email. |
| 37. Many interest groups become involved in elections directly through | D. all of the above. |
| 38. According to interest group rating schemes, __________ is among the most conservative Senators. | C. Jesse Helms |
| 39. According to interest group rating schemes, __________ is among the most liberal senators. | B. Edward Kennedy |
| 40. According to interest group rating schemes, __________ is among the most conservative members of the House of Representatives. | A. Tom Delay |
| 41. A federally registered fundraising committee that represents an interest group in the political process through campaign donations is called a(n) | C. political action committee. |
| 42. Robert Salisbury argues that the formation, viability, and success of interest groups depends upon | A. patrons |
| 43. One thing that is crucial to the success of all interest groups is/are | B. funding |
| 44. Several factors contribute to interest group success including | D. all of the above. |
| 45. The United States is | C. still a nation of joiners. |
| 46. Interest groups are composed of __________ members. | D. all of the above. |
| 47. Those who contribute to or join interest groups tend to be | D. all of the above |
| 48. Approximately half of all interest groups with a Washington office are | D. corporations or trade associations |
| 49. What role should public opinion play, according to the majoritarian model? | Government should do what a majority of the public wants. |
| 50. When two categories are equally (or almost equally) chosen as the most frequent responses, the distribution that results is called | 3. When two categories are equally (or almost equally) chosen as the most frequent responses, the distribution that results is called |
| 51. Common Cause is a | A. public interest group |
| 52. Ralph Nader is a | A. public interest activist. |
| 53.The most potentially divisive or conflictual issues are those on which public opinion is | C. a bimodal distribution |
| 54. A distribution of public opinion in which the mode lies to one side, leaving a "tail" on the other side, is called a | C. skewed distribution |
| 55.Citizens tend to hold the strongest opinions about political issues that involve | D. personal self interest. |
| 56.Three of the most influential types of interest groups in the United States are | C. business, agriculture, and labor. |
| 57. The most influential factor in forming the attitudes of children is | D. family and school |
| The AFL-CIO is an example of what type of interest group? | B. occupational |
| Which is not a professional interest group? | B. the Moral Majority |
| Normally public opinion becomes known in a democracy | C. through elections and in some states through initiatives or referenda. |
| Lobbyists usually represent | B. special interests |
| POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION is best defined as | C. the process of acquiring political opinions |
| To be accurate, political polls should be based on what kind of sampling procedures? | C. random |
| Stability of public opinion is | A. the extent to which public opinion remains constant over a period of time. |
| Latent public opinion refers to | D. opinions that are not yet realized. |
| Relevant public opinion, for most people, is | B. public opinion that deals with issues concerning them. |
| A random sample means | A. every person has an equal chance of being selected. |
| A quota sample means | B. every member of the population has a theoretically equal chance to be part of the sample |
| Which of the following would be most likely to be hired as a lobbyist for a major economic concern? | C. a former member of the legislature |
| Which of the following is not a true statement about sampling techniques of polling | Random techniques -is a non-probability (non-scientific) technique. |
| Public-interest groups | A. claim to represent the general good rather than special interests. |
| The existence of lobbying is protected by the | A. First Amendment |
| The political party and politically-oriented interest group: | B. differ because political parties try to win elections while interest groups' main goals are to influence governmental decisions. |
| Agricultural interest groups include all but | A. the Sunbelt Buyers |
| About two-thirds of all adult Americans | c. identify with one of the two major parties |
| Along with the method of sampling, the reliability of a poll may be affected by | d. all of the above |
| A president or a member of Congress usually tries | d. to lead public opinion and at the same time to follow it |
| Lobbyists seek to influence | d. all of the above |
| The United States Constitution can not be described as | A. failing to allocate the powers to govern |
| The federal system is a division of powers between | C. the central and state government |
| The Bill of Rights is intended to protect the individual in regard to | D. all of these |
| The authority to conduct and fund elections is a responsibility of the | B. state |
| The framers of the Constitution clearly intended that Congress should | C. control the tax policy |
| The President's powers includes the power to | A. over-see the spending of the budget |
| The main function of the bureaucracy is to | D. all of these |
| The number of levels of courts in the national judicial structure is | B. three |
| 9. A supporter of large government spending programs is more likely to be a | A. liberal |
| 10. The best-informed Americans get their information from | D. a variety of sources |
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