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SS Week 7 Middle Age
SS Week 7 Middle Ages
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| William | Norman invader of England in 1066, "the Conqueror" |
| alchemists | medieval scientists who attempted to change worthless metals into gold |
| Chaucer | famous medieval poet, author of The Canterbury Tales |
| Rome | location of the headquarters of the Catholic Church |
| Roger Bacon | english scientist and philosopher, "the founder of experimental science" |
| Beowulf | famous epic poem about medieval England |
| Song of Roland | one of the most famous heroic poems of the Middle Ages, praising the courage of French soldiers |
| guild | an association of people who work at the same occupation |
| troubadours | wandering poets who entertained at feudal castles |
| Otto | the strongest ruler of medieval Germany, "the Great" |
| toll | a fee charged to cross a feudal lord's territory |
| journeyman | a person who, after completing an apprenticeship, works at a craft for wages under the supervision of a master |
| Richard | English king the the Third Crusade, "the Lion |
| The Age of Faith | in western Europe, the period from 1000 to 1300 is known as ______ |
| Oxford | university founded by English students during the Middle Ages |
| relic | something that people believed had once belonged to Jesus or one of the Christian saints |
| friars | members of a Roman Catholic religious order who took the same vows as a monk but traveled about preaching instead of living in a monastery |
| squire | a young man who waited on a knight, helping him with his armor and weapons |
| masterpiece | the item made by a journeyman as the final step to being accepted into a guild |
| pope | the bishop of Rome, head of the Roman Catholic Church |
| Dame | Notre _____ |
| artisans | skilled workers who made goods by hand |
| Burgesses | in medieval England, people who lived in towns rather than in rural areas |
| Hanseatic | a league of towns and cities in northern Germany for protection and trade purposes |
| fables | short, humorous poems that mocked nobles, the clergy, and townspeople during the Middle Ages |
| heretic | a person whose ideas were incorrect in the opinion of the Church |
| monks | men who lived in monasteries and devoted their lives to prayer |
| El Cid | famous epic poem about medieval Spain |
| Dominicans | an order of friars who took their name from a Spanish priest who walked barefoot through souther France preaching against heresy |
| knights | armored warriors who fought on horseback |
| Marco Polo | Italian merchant who traveled overland to China in the 1270's |
| Acre | the last Christian stronghold in the Holy Land, seized by Muslim forces in 1291 |
| manor | the estate from which a lord's family gained its livelihood |
| serfs | peasants who were bound to a manor |
| Cambridge | another university founded by English students during the Middle Ages |
| jousting | formal combat between two mounted knights armed with lances |
| Burghers | in medieval Germany, people who lived in a walled town rather than in rural areas |
| abbot | the leader of a monastery |
| juree | French word meaning "oath,' a group of people who answered questions about the facts of a case for a royal judge |
| wool | the basic item for much of medieval trade |
| tithe | payment to the Church of 10 percent of a person's income |
| Bourgeoisie | in medieval France, people who lived in burghs or towns rather than in rural areas |
| usury | the practice of lending money for interest |
| lord | in the feudal system, the person who made a grant of land to another person |
| Romanesque | medieval style of architecture, similar to the buildings in ancient Rome |
| Paris | location of the Cathedral of Notre Dame |
| Harold | English king who was defeated at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 |
| tithe | a tax assessed for the support of the clergy and the Church |
| fief | the piece of land given to a vassal by a lord |
| Thomas Aquinas | medieval scholar and author of Suma Theologiae, in which he attempted to answer philosophical questions about God and the unvierse |
| mass | a Catholic worship service |
| page | A young nobleman who was sent to the castle of another lord where he waited on his hosts and learned manners, the first step in becoming a knight |
| Rome | city where the spiritual leader of Christendom ruled |
| Siegfried | famous epic poem about medieval Germany |
| Apprentice | a person who is learning a trade or craft from a master and works without pay except for room and board |
| serfs | workers who owed duties to the lord of a manor |
| Notre Dame | in 1163, the tallest church in Christendom, 114 feet |
| Paris | Europe's largest city by the year of 1200 |
| simony | the buying and selling of Church offices |
| Dante | famous medieval poet, author of Divine Comedy |
| Urban | pope who called for the First Crusade |
| moat | a deep, wide, and usually water |
| nuns | women who lived in convents and devoted their lives to prayer |
| The Dark Ages | name given to the Early Middle Ages because learning and civilizations declined |
| tithe | a tax assessed by the Church |
| knights | armored warriors who fought on horseback |
| Charlemagne | king of the Franks from 768 to 814, "the Great" |
| investiture | the feudal ceremony in which a vassal received land from a lord |
| abbot | the leader of a monastery |
| chivalry | the code of conduct developed by feudal nobles |
| Eric the Red | Viking explorer who discovered and named Greenland |
| fief | a piece of land given to a vassal by a lord |
| Pepin | the first king ever to be anointed by a pope, "the Short" |
| nuns | women who lived in convents and devoted their lives to prayer |
| Verdun | treaty that divided Charlemagne's empire into three kingdoms |
| toll | a charge to cross a vassal's land or bridge |
| Vinland | Viking name for Newfoundland |
| pope | the head of the Catholic Church |
| monasteries | communities in which groups of Christian men gave up all their private possessions and lived very simply, devoting their lives to worship and prayer |
| manor | a lord's estate, from which his family gained its livelihood |
| Vikings | invaders of Europe from Scandinavia |
| Charles Martel | Frankish leader who defeated the Muslims in Spain at the Battle of Tours in 732 |
| feudalism | a political and military system based on the holding of land |
| Leo | pope who crowned Charlemagne "Emperor of the Romans" in 800 |
| Benedict | monk who established a strict set of rules for monastic life |
| serfs | peasants bound to a manor |
| illumination | decorating the first letter of a paragraph and the margins of a paper with brilliant designs |
| Romance | languages that evolved from Latin |
| monks | men who lived in monasteries |
| Leif Ericson | Viking exploreer who reached America in the year 1000 |
| vassal | a person who received land from a lord |
| Scholastica | Benedict's sister who established the rules for convents |
| Normandy | part of northern France conquered by the Vikings in 911, from the French word meaning "men from the north" |
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