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WGU CLC
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Critical Thinking | thinking about thinking in order to make thinking better |
| Critical thinking involves ____________ one's own thinking | analyzing, evaluating and improving |
| This is not a bad habit of thought | Reasoning from assumptions that are not one's own |
| Term means the tendency to view everything in relationship to oneself | Egocentrism |
| In thinking through a problem, the critical thinker | gathers information that supports his/her presuppositions |
| Another term for critical thinking is | second order thinking |
| Hiding or distorting evidence illustrates | weak sense thinking |
| Critical thinking values ______ of thought over _______ of thought | depth/ speed |
| Bringing an unbiased perspective to all relevant viewpoints exemplifies | fair mindedness |
| The ability to reconstruct others' viewpoints exemplifies which trait | intellectual empathy |
| To admit flaws in one's own thinking is an expression of | intellectual integrity |
| The opposite of intellectual conformity is | intellectual autonomy |
| Does second order thinking rely on intuition? | No |
| Is handling multiple problems per day a suggested beginning tactic for improving your thinking? | No |
| Which of the mind's basic functions evaluates the extent to which life's events are either positive or negative? | Feeling |
| The elements of reasoning are also know as the: | Fundamental structures of thought and standards of thought |
| The mind drawing conclusions on the basis of reasons defines what process? | Reasoning |
| Which elements of reasoning are operative when we think through a problem? | All eight elements |
| what is the term for the goal or desired outcome of our reasoning? | Purpose |
| What is something we take for graned as true in our reasoning? | Assumption |
| What is said to follow from our reasoning? | Implications |
| Theories are examples of | Concepts |
| In reasoning, we make ______ based on _______ | Inferences / Assumptions |
| Distinctions between the elements of reasoning are _________ not ________. | Relative / Absolute |
| The standards of critical thinking must be applied to the elements as the critical thinker learns to develop intellectual traits. True or False | True |
| Activated ignorance is defined as: | Mentally taking in and actively using false information |
| In some cases, the conclusions we draw are based on assumptions that operate at a(n) ______ level | Unconscious |
| What are three kinds of implications that may be involved in any situation? | Possible probable, necessary |
| Thinking that is easily understood reflects which of the intellectual standards? | Clarity |
| Reasoning that is specific, exact and sufficiently detailed is said to be : | Precise |
| These questions have more than one answer, with some answers better than others | Questions of Judgement |
| "Is basketball or ice hockey more fun to watch?" is a question of : | Preference |
| In constructing questions of judgement, is developing questions that have only one answer part of the process | No |
| Is Merging problems and decisions into a comprehensive decision whenever possible a step in Paul & Elder's "Dimensions of Decision Making"? | No |
| In analyzing causation, looking for a causal factor that is present in one situation but absent in another, similar situation is called the: | Single difference method |
| A scientist discovered that all laboratory hamsters that had been eating lettuce developed Salmonella poisoning, this is an example of causation by: | Common factor |
| A mechanic ruled out failures in 10 different engine parts before finding the problem in the carburetor. This is an example of: | Process of elimination |
| In strategic thinking, recognizing when our thinking is irrational or flawed is which component? | Identification |
| In strategic thinking, engaging and challenging your own thinking is which component? | Intellectual Action |
| To analyze the logic of an article, one can apply: | Elements of Reasoning |
| Reasoning can only be as sound as the _________________it is based on | Information |
| Actively using information that is false, although we mistakenly think it is true, is an example of: | Activated Ignorance |
| A common problem with applying the critical thinking standard of clarity to information is | The information isn't clear |
| The implicit beliefs that support our explicit reasoning about something are: | Assumptions |
| An unsupported claim is what critical thinking experts refer to as an | Opinion |
| Of the five key factors Jeffereson Flanders identifies in evaluating research, which one best addresses tracing the origins of information? | Transparency |
| Can the News media events be viewed and interpreted from on objective point of view? | No |
| Are Uncritical persons are skilled in manipulation? | Yes |
| Citing majority sentiment or popular opinion as the reason for supporting a claim is an example of : | Appeal to popularity |
| Dismissing an argument by attacking the person who offers it rather than by refuting its reasoning is an example of: | Ad Hominum Fallacy |
| A research study is an example of which kind of evidence? | Quantitative |
| Which kind of evidence describes the meaning (i.e., the why and how) of something? | Wualitative |
| Which of the following represents a difficulty with surveys ads evidence? | Survey questions are sometimes worded ambiguously |
| Which of the following represents a difficulty with surveys ads evidence? | Survey responses don't cecessarily reflect the actual beliefs of respondents |
| Which of the following represents a difficulty with surveys ads evidence? | Surveys have build in bias |
| Strong analogies entail comparisons between things that have _______ and lack ________ | Relevant Similarities / relevant differences |
| A plausible alternative explanation for why a particular outcome happened.. | Rival Cause |
| Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing and analyzing _____________. | Quantitative data |
| Which type of graphical form is well suited to summarizing time series data? | Line Graph |
| Which term expressed the value which appears most frequently in a series of values? | Mode |
| I is impossible to interpret the significance of a percentage without knowing the ________ on which it is based. | Absolute number |
| Which report of risk reduction conveys a more significant treatment effect? | Relative |
| An effective approach to correcting egocentric myopia would be to: | consider points of views that conflict with ours |
| Another term used to describe egocentric thinking is: | rigidity of thought |
| Ignoring complexity and embracing a version of reality that conforms to our existing views, values, and beliefs is an example of: | egocentric oversimplification |
| Paul and Elder believe that ethical principles common to all humans can be found in: | The Universal Declaration of Human Rights |
| Is making decisions by instinct a characteristic of an advanced thinker? | No |
| Is monitoring thoughts, feelings and desires a characteristic of an advanced thinker? | Yes |
| Is sensitivity to inconsistency and contradictions a characteristic of an advanced thinker? | Yes |
| Is embracing intellectual integrity a characteristic of an advanced thinker? | Yes |
| Can we pick and choose our ethical principles? | No |
| _________________ involves developing the tools of critical thinking and applying them to current and future challenges. | Deep Learning |
| Paul and Elder's criticism of shallow learning is: | It doesn't produce lasting knowledge or comprehension |
| When is the optimal time for a learner to apply the Elements of Reasoning to the logic of a subject? | Before the learner has begun his or her course of study |
Created by:
Luvquiltn