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X-ray Production
Ch 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three types of target interaction? | Characteristic, heat and bremsstrahlung |
| There are _____ joules per keV. | 1.6x10(-16) |
| As electron kinetic energy in increased, both the ____ and the ___ of the x-ray beam are increased. | intensity; energy |
| The distance between the filament and the x-ray tube target is only ___ cm. | 1 |
| _____ electrons are those that travel from cathode to anode and make up the tube current. | Projectile |
| Most of the kinetic energy of projectile electrons is converted into ____. | heat |
| During heat production, orbital electrons are not ionized but rather, they are raised to a higher _____. | energy level |
| Only approximately ___% of projectile electron kinetic energy is used for the production of heat. | 99 |
| Doubling the x-ray tube current doubles the ___ produced. | heat |
| Regardless of what mA is selected, the efficiency of x-ray production remains ______. | constant |
| The efficiency of x-ray production increases with increasing ____. | kVp |
| At 60 kVp, only ____% of the electron kinetic energy is converted to x-rays. | 0.5 |
| At 100 kVp, approximately ___% of kinetic energy is converted into x-rays. | 1 |
| If the projectile electron interacts with an inner-shell electron of the target atom rather than with an outer-shell electron, ___ x-rays can be produced. | characteristic |
| During characteristic radiation, _____ occurs by removal of an inner shell electron. | ionization |
| If a k-shell electron is removed, an ____ electron will fill the void. | orbital (outer shell) |
| Only the k-charteristic x-rays of ____ are useful for imaging. | tungsten |
| The effective energy of characteristic x-rays increases with increasing ____ number of the target element. | atomic |
| All electrons have the same ____. | mass |
| Kinetic energy is converted into ____, ____ and _____. | thermal, heat, x-rays |
| The binding energy of a k-shell electron of a tungsten atom is ____ keV. | 69 |
| ______ x-rays are produced when a projectile electron is slowed by the electric field of a target atom nucleus. | Bremsstrahlung |
| In the diagnostic range most x-rays are ______ x-rays. | bremsstrahlung |
| Bremsstrahlung can be considered radiation that results from the ____ of projectile electrons by the nucleus. | braking |
| During ________ interactions, electrons can lose all, none or any intermediate level of the kinetic energy. | bremsstrahlung |
| Below ____ kVp no useful characteristic x-ray are generated therefore the x-ray beam is all bremsstrahlung | 69 |
| What measures the wavelengths or energies that comprise the beam? | X-ray Emission Spectrum |
| A discrete spectrum contains only ____ values. | specific |
| Characteristic x-rays have precisely ____ energies and form a discrete emission spectrum. | fixed (discrete) |
| The word _____ refers to the values of any quantity such as x-rays. | spectrum |
| A ____ spectrum contains all possible values. | continuous |
| Bremsstrahlung x-rays have a range of energies and form a _______ emission spectrum. | continuous |
| Maximum x-ray energy is associated with the minimum x-ray ______. | wavelength |
| The maximum x-ray energy is numerically equal to the _____. | kVp |
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