Historically, there have been gender differences in political attitudes on a number of issues, including

defense spending and affirmative action.

Rapid shifts in public opinion are often due to

low levels of knowledge among the public.

One of the shortcomings of polling is that

they are unable to measure the intensity of feelings about issues.

Carl Everett Ladd argues that Americans

are in the midst of an explosion of joining voluntary groups.

In "Bowling Alone", Robert Putnam argues that

fewer Americans are joining groups.

Recent research shows that interest group membership is

rapidly changing in nature and scope.

Help

Options

focusNode

Didn't know it?
click below

Knew it?
click below

Don't Know

Remaining cards (0)

Know

retry

shuffle

restart

0:00

Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

Normal Size Small Size show me how

Government Test 4

chapters 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10

Question	Answer
One of the first major attempts to change public opinion was	The Federalist Papers.
The founder of modern polling was	George Gallup.
The Committee on PUblic Information was designed to rally public opinion behind the U.S. war effort and was established by	Woodrow Wilson
A famous journalist and author who voiced his concern about how easy it was to manipulate public opinion was	Walter Lippman.
Public opinion, as we know it today, began to develop in the	1930s.
One Pennsylvania newspaper was the first to try to predict the winner of a presidential election in	1824.
One magazine correctly predicted every presidential election from 1920 to 1932. That magazine was	Literary Digest.
Literary Digest used __________ polls to predict the popular vote in presidential elections.	straw
Unscientific surveys used to gauge public opinion on a variety of issues are called	straw polls.
The polling industry suffered a setback in 1948 when it predicted that _________ would win the presidential election.	Thomas Dewey
The Literary Digest's polling sample had a number of fatal errors including	all of the above.
The 1936 election was correctly predicted by	George Gallup.
Every two years, since 1960, there have been regular surveys of the American electorate known as the	National Election Study
The process through which an individual acquires particular political orientations is called	socialization.
Agents of political socialization include	all of the above.
Your political opinions are often affected by	all of the above.
In 1988, ________% of children in republican households identified themselves as Republicans.	58
The media is taking on a growing role as an agent of socialization because adult Americans spend an average of _________ hours per week watching television.	30
During the 2000 presidential elections, _________% of Americans learned about the presidential campaign from David Letterman and Jay Leno or other non-traditional sources.	51
Of those under age 30, ______% watch nightly television news.	22
A child's peer group is most influential in	middle and high school
Many events in the 20th century have increased the American people's distrust of government, including	all of the above.
Group membership tends to affect political beliefs and opinions, particularly groups such as	all of the above.
In 2000, _________% of Americans belonged to a church or synagogue.	67
In 1997, _________% of Americans identified themselves as Protestant.	58
The most conservative religious group tends to be	Protestants.
The most liberal religious group tends to be	Jews
Among minority groups, ________ tend to be the most politically conservative.	Cubans
Historically, there have been gender differences in political attitudes on a number of issues, including	defense spending and affirmative action.
The idea that women often tend to have different political attitudes than men is referred to as the	gender gap.
The fastest growing age group in America is	over 65.
Among those citizens under 30, _________% are likely to follow campaigns closely.	15
Among those citizens over 60, ___________% are likely to follow campaigns closely.	43
Church attendance is highest in the	South.
In general, the citizens who live in the American West tend to	have an anti-government bias.
When asked, _______% of Americans referred to themselves as politically moderate.	42
In 1998, _______% of Americans referred to themselves as politically conservative.	39
Most people, who are not ideologues, think about and may change their ideas about politics through a variety of factors, including	all of the above
In the United States, __________% graduate from high school.	82
Rapid shifts in public opinion are often due to	low levels of knowledge among the public.
There are several key factors necessary for accurate polling, including	all of the above.
The best method of selecting a polling sample is	stratified, random sampling.
The most common form of polling is the	telephone poll.
All polls contain errors. In order to determine how reliable a poll is, one must determine the	margin of error.
One of the shortcomings of polling is that	they are unable to measure the intensity of feelings about issues.
Carl Everett Ladd argues that Americans	are in the midst of an explosion of joining voluntary groups.
In "Bowling Alone", Robert Putnam argues that	fewer Americans are joining groups.
Recent research shows that interest group membership is	rapidly changing in nature and scope.
Interest groups often	all of the above.
Americans make claims on their government through	all of the above.
David Truman's theory explaining why interest groups form, is called	disturbance theory.
Robert Salisbury stressed that ________ play(s) a large role in the formation of groups.	entrepreneurs
The Christian Coalition, the National Organization of Women, and other such groups are examples of _________ interest groups.	multi-issue
Operation Rescue, the National Rifle Association, Act-Up, and other such groups are examples of __________ interest groups.	single issue
Business groups, labor unions, trade associations, and other such groups are examples of __________ interest groups.	economic
Common Cause, peace groups, environmental organizations, and other such groups are examples of ____________ interest groups.	public
The AFL-CIO has approximately ____________ million members.	13
The American Association of Retired Persons has approximately _________ members.	32 million
The American Medical Association has approximately ____________ members.	300,000
The largest single interest group in the country is the	AARP.
Local groups were common in the early years of the country, but the first truly national groups began to emerge in the	1830s.
The 1960s and 1970s were characterize by	the rise of public interest groups.
In order to promote the interests of businesses, the ____________ was formed in 1895.	National Association of Manufacturers
One of the most well known public interest groups that focuses on good government is called	Public Citizen.
In 1978, a number of conservative groups began to form in response to the successes of a number of liberal interest groups in shaping and defining the public agenda during the previous decade. Among these groups was the	Moral Majority.
In 1990, the host of a popular television program, The 700 Club, formed a new political group. His name was	Pat Robertson
In 1997, _________% of workers belong to a labor union,	13.9
In 2000, the AFL-CIO changed their tactics for affecting the elections and began to	focus on grass-roots organization and lobbying.
The downside of interest groups is that they can	all of the above.
Interest groups play an important role in American politics because they	all of the above.
The activities of groups and organizations that seek to influence legislation and persuade political leaders to support a group's positions is called	lobbying.
The most often used lobbying techniques include	all of the above.
Almost all interest group lobbying includes	contacting government officials.
Many of the most effective lobbyists are	all of the above
A lobbyist's effectiveness depends on	a reputation for honesty and fair play.
A lobbyist's effectiveness depends upon his/her	reputation for fairness and provision of accurate information.
Interest groups that want to lobby the executive branch generally target the	all of the above.
An especially strong link exists between	interest groups and regulatory agencies.
Interest groups lobby the courts through	sponsoring lawsuits and filing briefs.
Grassroots lobbying includes such tactics as	all of the above
In the last 5 years or so, grassroots communication to Congress has been drastically changed due to	email.
Many interest groups become involved in elections directly through	all of the above.
According to interest group rating schemes, __________ is among the most conservative Senators.	Jesse Helms
According to interest group rating schemes, ___________ is among the mot liberal senators.	Edward Kennedy
According to interest group rating schemes, __________ is among the most conservative members of the House of Representatives.	Tom Delay
A federally registered fundraising committee that represents an interest group in the political process through campaign donations is called a(n)	political action committee.
Robert Salisbury argues that the formation, viability, and success of interest groups depends upon	patrons.
One thing that is crucial to the success of all interest groups is/are	funding
Several factors contribute to interest group success including	all of the above.
The United States is	still a nation of joiners.
Interest groups are composed of __________ members.	all of the above.
Those who contribute to or join interest groups tend to be	all of the above.
Approximately half of all interest groups with a Washington office are either	corporations or business trade associations.
What role should public opinion play, according to the majoritarian model?	Government should do what a majority of the public wants.
When two categories are equally (or almost equally) chosen as the most frequent responses, the distribution that results is called	bimodal.
Common Cause is a	public interest group.
Ralph Nader is a	public interest activist.
The most potentially divisive or conflictual issues are those on which public opinion is	a bimodal distribution.
A distribution of public opinion in which the mode lies to one side, leaving a "tail" on the other side, is called a	skewed distribution
Citizens tend to hold the strongest opinions about political issues that involve	personal self-interest.
Three of the most influential types of interest groups in the United States are	business, agriculture, and labor.
The most influential factor in forming the attitudes of children is	family and school
The AFL-CIO is an example of what type of interest group?	occupational
Which is not a professional interest group?	the Moral Majority
Normally public opinion becomes known in a democracy	through elections and in some states through initiatives or referenda.
Lobbyists usually represent	special interests
POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION is best defined as	the process of acquiring political opinions
To be accurate, political polls should be used on what kind of sampling procedures?	random
Stability of public opinion is	the extent to which public opinion remains constant over a period of time.
Latent public opinion refers to	opinions that are not yet realized.
Relevant public opinion, for most people, is	pubic opinion that deals with issues concerning them.
A random sample means	every person has an equal chance of being selected.
A quota sample means	researchers decide how many persons of certain types they need in the survey.
The basic requirement of a probability sample is that:	every member of the population has a theoretically equal chance to be part of the sample
Which of the following would be most likely to be hired as a lobbyist for a major economic concern?	a former member of the legislature
Which of he following is NOT a true statement about sampling techniques of polling	Random techniques -is a non-probablity (non-scientific) technique.
Public-interest groups	claim to represent the general good rather than special interests.
The existence of lobbying is protected by the	First Amendment
The political party and politically-oriented interest group:	differ because political parties try to win elections while interest groups' main goals are to influence governmental decisions.
Agricultural interest groups include all but	the Sunbelt Buyers
About two-thirds of all adult Americans	identify with one of the two major parties
Along with the method of sampling, the reliability of a pole may be affected by	all of the above
A president or a member of Congress usually tries	to lead public opinion and at the same time to follow it
Lobbyists seek to influence	all of the above
The United States Constitution can not be described as	failing to allocate the powers to govern
The federal system is a division of powers between	the central and state government
The Bill of Rights is intended to protect the individual in regard to	all of these
The authority to conduct and fund elections is a responsibility of the	state
The framers of the Constitution clearly intended that Congress should	control the tax policy
The President's peers includes the power to	over-see the spending of the budget
The main function of the bureaucracy is to	all of these
The number of levels of courts in the national judicial structure is	three
A supporter of large government spending programs is more likely to be a	liberal
The best-informed Americans get their information from	a variety of sources
For what did the Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution provide?	Separate ballots for president and vice president in the electoral college
To what does the nickname "Solid South" refer?	The South's solid Democratic voting record for most of the twentieth century
How many parties were provided for in the Constitution?	None
In the United States, MOST party candidates are nominated	though primary elections.
Which of the following characterizes people with relatively high education?	They tend to be more politically tolerant.
Issue oriented politics became more prevalent due to	broad based education and social change.
Parties have been affected, and in general weakened, by	all of the above.
Of the twenty-nine presidential elections between 1884 and 1996, the Republicans won	15.
Of the twenty-nine presidential elections between 1884 and 1996, the Democrats won	14.
Party affiliation is helpful to elected leaders because	all of the above.
Parties provide the political system with	stability.
One of the main functions of a party is electioneering. Under this rubric, parties	all of the above.
The instrument through which parties formulate, convey, and promote public policy is called	the national party platform.
At the state level, party competition often has been4	severely limited.
Historically, several sates have tended to vote overwhelmingly Republican including	Maine.
Historically, the most Democratic region of the country has been the	South.
One of the most significant trends in part politics in recent times has been the	spread of two party competition at the state level.
The third party candidate who won the most popular votes in a presidential race was	Theodore Roosevelt.
The largest percentage of the popular vote ever won by a third party candidate was ________%.	27
To be elected, Senators need of the votes in his/her state.	a plurality
Election by PLURALITY refers to which of the following?	the largest number of votes
The Democratic party came into existence with the 1828 election of	Andrew Jackson
The modern Republican party emerged	before the Civil War
A political party differs from an interest group in that	political parties want to operate the government and interest groups do not want to operate the government.
One reason for the selection of Geraldine Ferraro as a vice-presidential candidate was	her representation of females on the ticket.
A major cause for the persistence of the 2-party system in the U.S. today is that	election districts are single member so that only one candidate can win
The supreme legal authority of the national party is	the national convention
If the U.S. moved from election districts where only one candidate could win (single member district) to allowing several candidates to be elected from one district (multi-member district) what would be the likely impact?	third parties would become stronger
Political patronage is concerned with	government employment for loyal election workers
Delegates to the national convention are selected	in either a caucus or primary election.
Practically, the vice presidential nominee is selected by	the presidential nominee
The Republican party	is the second oldest party after the Democratic party
PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION allows for	legislative seats to be allotted in proportion to the total number of votes a party gets
In their political party loyalty, black Americans have been	strongly Democratic.
Which of the following expresses best the attitude of the American founding fathers toward political parties?	Parties are divisive and undesirable.
Recently party identification	has been diminishing.
If American political parties had a pyramid-shaped organization charge, the National Chairperson would	dictate how the party would be run.
American political parties tend to concentrate on	winning elections.
Which of the following is a true statement about third-party involvement in American elections?	Many legal barriers make it hard for third parties to get on the ballot.
The state central committee has responsibility for	carrying out policy decisions of the party's state convention.
A major function of the national convention is:	to nominate the presidential and vice-presidential candidates.
Which of the following terms best describes the organization of political parties in the U.S.?	both A and C.
The major responsibility of a national chairperson is	the management of the national election campaign.
The national committee of each party	selects the site of the nominating conventions.
American political parties perform important functions, such as:	unification of various groups.
The major characteristics of Americans political parties are:	two-partyism, decentralizations, pragmatism.
Most delegates to the national nominating conventions are chosen by	primary elections
The elements that make up a major political party include	all of the above
During the 1850s, the Democratic Party was badly divided over the issue of	slavery
In the states and in many local communities, one party may dominate, as the Democrats did for decades in	the South
A system of proportional representation, as in Italy,	encourages the existence of many parties by allotting seats to competing candidates according to the percentage of votes they win
At a basic level, a party is	all of the above.
The office holders and candidates who run under the banner of a political party are called the	governmental party.
All political parties are defined by the groups of individuals who make it up, including	all of the above.
In his farewell address, _____________ warned the nation against the evil of political parties.	George Washington.
Among the national parties that have existed in the United States are/were the	Bull Moose and Dixiecrat parties.
Party politics was nearly suspended during the	Era of Good Feelings.
During the 1820s through 1840s, the number of eligible voters increased due to	the abolition of property requirements for males.
The first major national presidential nominating convention was held in	1832.
The Republican Party was established in	1854.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal Democratic coalition included	all of the above.
A party organization that recruits its members with tangible incentives, such as jobs, and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity, is called a	machine.
The selection of party candidates through the ballots of qualified voters is called a	direct primary.
Jobs, favors, or grants that are given as rewards to friends and supporters in return for political support are called	patronage.
Those who supported the new Constitution were called	Federalists.
When was today's Republican party founded?	1854
How many parties existed at the time the Constitution was written in 1787?	None
The Whig party developed in reaction to the	Jacksonian Democrats.
The Federalists had ceased to exist by	1796.
The Federalists were led by	Alexander Hamilton.
The Republicans' majority status ended in	the critical election of 1932.
An example of a party of ideological protest is the	Libertarian party.
What year marks the beginning of today's Democratic party?	1828
The partisan patterns of a Republican North and a Democratic South were set by the	Civil War.
Since the present two-party system was established, how many minor-party candidates have been elected to the presidency?	None
The Democratic party is more likely to have the support of	a Black than a White person.
Though the Constitution does not mention political parties, certain provisions of the Constitution such as the following gave impetus to organization of parties:	the First Amendment freedoms
The two factions during the era from the beginning of the Republic to around 1824 were:	Federalist and Democratic-Republican
Which of the following positions is most likely to be supported by the Republican party?	Less government funding for minority aid programs.
Third parties generally have their roots in	all of the above.
In 2000, the Green Party ran an anti-establishment campaign and nominated	Ralph Nader.
Third parties tend to appear and disappear quickly due to	ballot access restrictions in many states.
In general, third parties serve as	all of the above.
Every four years the parties nominate a presidential candidate through a	convention.
The key national party official is the	chairperson of the national committee.
In 2000, Ralph Nader was nominated for president by the	Green Party
Parties often have institutionalized sources of policy ideas called think tanks. Among hose with predominantly Republican influence are the	Heritage Foundation.
Among the think tanks with predominantly Democratic influence are the	Center for National Policy.
Parties serve a number functions in Congress including	all of the above.
Party discipline in the United States is	limited.
In Congress, party discipline tends to be weak due to	all of the above.
In recent years, the Republicans have thoroughly outclassed the Democrats in terms of raising money. Most of the Republican war chest is raised through	mail solicitation from average citizens.
The average donation to the Republican Party in the 1990s was	under $35.
Almost __________ of Americans consider themselves to be independent as opposed to Democrat of Republican.	one-third
Many people are reluctant to identify with a party because of	all of the above.
In 2000, the gender gap was a margin of _________% in favor of Al Gore in the last two months of the campaign.	7
An observer can often determine a person's party affiliation by knowing their	all of the above.
Under federal law, how much money can PACs give to a congressional candidate per election?	Up to $5,000
Candidates seeking nomination for president	can qualify for federal funding by raising $5,000 in each of twenty states.
By the end of 1987, over PACs were registered with the Federal Election Commission.	3,000
The features of campaign funding reform include	all of the above
A political action committee (PAC) is	an organization representing an interest group attempting to raise campaign contributions for certain candidates or parties.
Today, the main way voters find out about candidates is through	the mass media
The campaign reform law of 1974 was chiefly concerned with	campaign finance
The purpose of the Federal Election Commission is to	oversee and enforce the provisions of the 1974 Federal Election campaign Act.
The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1974 provided	public financing for presidential primaries and presidential candidates in the general election.
How does the federal election legislate after 1971 limit contributions to political candidates?	$1,000 limit from individuals; $5,000 from groups.
In a political campaign, the surest way of reaching the largest number of voters is usually	television
In the area of foreign affairs,	neither major party has an advantage
The passage of the Federal Election Campaign Act amendments of 1974 was the result of	revelations of widespread financial abuses in President Nixon's 1972 campaign
The single biggest item in campaign spending at the presidential level are	television and radio costs
Many people today denounce elections for	all of the above.
The art of campaigning involves	all of the above.
The Republican presidential nominee in 1996 was	Bob Dole.
One of the dangers of the nomination campaign is	candidates can become too extreme.
A candidate for high office may deliver up to ___________ speeches a day.	12
A professional who produces a candidate's television, radio, and print advertisements is called a(n)	consultant.
The head of a political campaign is usually called the	campaign manager.
Among the tasks of a campaign consultant are	all of the above.
Critics of political consultants argue that the rise of political consultants has	stripped campaigns of substance.
A television ad broadcast is 60-, 30-, or 10-second durations is called a	spot ad.
Negative campaigning is	not at all new an has been around since at least 1796.
The idea of counteracting an anticipated campaign attack by your opponent before the attack is even launched is called	inoculation advertising.
In most cases, a candidate wins an election primarily based on	the candidate's strengths, qualities, and abilities.
In the debate about the impact of negative advertising on American electoral politics, some scholars argue that political consultants use negative ads to	deliberately reduce voter turnout.
The modern candidate faces two major challenges:	using the media and raising money.
In order to manipulate press coverage, a candidate's campaign organization can	all of the above.
Debates during presidential campaigns usually	increase voter knowledge and focus attention on the election.
Presidential debates were first televised in	1960
Political scientists have recently found that debates	alter the preferences of a sizable minority of voters.
The problems with media coverage of campaigns include	all of the above.
On average, challengers in House races spent _______ in 1996.	$100,000
Political money is regulated by the federal government according to the	Federal Election Campaign Act.
Individuals are allowed to contribute _____________ to candidates for Congress or the presidency in the primary and the same for the general election campaign.	$1,000
Individuals are limited to a total of __________ in gifts to all candidates each calendar year.	$25,000
Most candidates receive a majority of their campaign contributions from	individuals.
An officially recognized, federally mandated fund-raising committee for an interest group is called a(n)	political action committee.
In competitive races, the parties may provide approximately _________% of their candidates' ward chests.	15-17
The Supreme Court ruled that there could be no limits placed on candidates' expenditures of their own funds, since such spending is considered free speech in	Buckley v. Valeo.
In order for one's presidential campaign to be eligible for public funding, the candidate must raise $5,000 in contributions of $250 or less in each of _____________ states.	20
The virtually unregulated money funneled by individuals and political committees through state and local parties is called	soft money.
Electorally secure and well funded candidates today often	all of the above.
The most controversial source of campaign funding is money from	PACs.
In 1996, the Supreme Court again ruled on campaign finance. They ruled that limits on expenditures made by parties that are independent of a candidate's campaign are unconstitutional in	Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. FEC.
Money raised by political parties and interest groups that is not subject to regulations by the FECA is called	soft money.
Ads that do not include the phrases 'vote for,' 'vote against,' 'elect,' or 'support' are referred to as	issue advocacy ads.
The Internet has altered campaign fund raising in many ways including	Internet fund raising is cheap.
The modern era of political action committees began in the	1970.
The evidence that PACs buy votes is	less than overwhelming.
The basic truth about the PAC system is that	a very small number of PACs conduct the bulk of PAC activity.
Individuals contribute more than ________% of all money spent in Senate races.	60
The greatest single campaign outlay for a Senate race is for	television advertising.
In the 2000presidential election, George W. Bush chose ___________ as his running mate.	Dick Cheney
In 2000, the main Democratic and Republican challengers to Al Gore and George W. Bush in the primaries were	Bradley and McCain.
In 2000, the only third party eligible to receive federal matching funds was the	Reform Party.
George W. Bush's vice presidential candidate brought ____________ to the ticket.	gravitas
The 2000 Republican National Convention stressed	diversity and inclusiveness.
One of the most memorable moments of the Democratic National Convention in 2000 was	the kiss.
Senator Joe Lieberman, Al Gore's 2000 vice presidential nominee, was	the first Jewish major party nominee.
As the 200 campaign headed into its final months, the two candidates were	in a very tight race.
Exit polls in the 2000 election showed Bush leading with	men and protestant voters.
Bill Clinton won reelection in 1996 with a coalition consisting of	all of the above.
Voter turnout in 2000 was _________ of eligible voters.	half
It took ___________ days after the 2000 election for a final winner to be named.	36
There has been growing concern in recent years about the amounts of money spent on federal campaigns. In response, there have been a number of campaign finance reforms proposed including	all of the above.
One of the arguments against the campaign finance reforms is that they	further benefit incumbents and work to the detriment of challengers.
The last time campaign finance reforms were passed was	after the Watergate scandal.
Which of the following countries has the greatest number and variety of elections?	United States
The earliest presidential primary is held in	New Hampshire.
Congress and the states moved quickly to pass the Twenty-sixth Amendment lowering the voting age to 18, because	they hoped to channel student energy away from demonstrations and toward more conventional forms of participation.
What is the direct primary?	A preliminary election in which ordinary voters choose the candidates that the party will run in the subsequent general election
There is no provision for the initiative or the referendum.	at the national level.
The last major expansion of suffrage in the United States involved the issue of	age.
The Supreme Court held that laws preventing blacks form voting in primary elections were unconstitutional in	"Smith v. Allwright"
What was the purpose of the literacy test that were used in the southern states after 1870?	To keep blacks from voting
What is a referendum?	A vote by the people on a proposed law
Which of the following is an unconventional form of political participation?	Chanting slogans outside officials' windows
Initially the Constitution left voting laws to	the states
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 and 1970	established uniform residency requirements for voting in federal elections
In voting behavior, Jews tend to	vote for candidates who are Democrats.
During the early election in the United States, the presidential candidates were chosen by a	caucus of the party members in the House of Representatives
An election that does not change the balance of forces between the major parties would best be described as a	maintaining election
An election in which public opinion shifts temporarily in one direction or the other would best be described as a	deviating election
An election in which the political balance and the shape of pubic policy is fundamentally changed would best be described as a	realigning election
The election of Franklin Roosevelt in 1944 would best be described as a	maintaining election
The American electoral system is based on	a "winner-take-all" system
Psychologically, voters decide on the basis of	all of the above
They type of election generally affects the size of the turnout. Which of the following would be likely to have the smallest turnout?	city council
A precinct is	the smallest local voting district.
Those who favor registration requirements argue	that such requirements prevent fraudulent voting practices.
There has been a tradition in the United States for Catholics and Jews to vote	Democratic.
Voting and registration requirements are set	by each state.
A party-column ballot is a form of general election ballot	in which the candidates are arranged in one column under their respective party.
In an open primary	voters can vote in either party primary without disclosing their party affiliation.
In a closed primary	only registered party members are allowed to vote.
One potential disadvantage of an open primary is	voters of one party will vote for the weakest candidate of the other party.
Which statement is rue?	none of the above.
It is important for people in a democracy to vote because:	all of the above.
voting under a democracy is important because it:	all of the above.
Intraparty contestes for the right to be the party's nominee in the general election are termed	primary elections
A major reason for the development of presidential primary was	to open the nomination process to the ordinary party member and to weaken the influence of party bosses.
A presidential primary is held to	select delegates to the national convention of both major parties.
One reason people vote i	the personal satisfaction they receive from the act of voting.
More education seems to be highly correlated with	voting Republicans.
A problem of a closed primary system is that	independent voters are excluded from participating.
Straight ticket voting means that a voter	votes only for the candidates of one political party in a general election.
Some political scientists explain low voter turnout as a result of	the low probability of anyone's vote making a difference.
In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that states could not charge a poll tax for state elections.	Harper vs. Virginia State Board of Education
"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied... on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude" is a provision of	the Fifteenth amendment to the U.S. Constitution
I will appreciate your assistance in helping me become a better teacher. Would you please tell me what your overall evaluation of the course is:	all of the above
Would you recommend your political science teacher to your friends?	all of the above
The United States is sometimes called a "Democrat's Paradise" because	this country conducts more elections than any other country.
Elections are	all of the above.
Popular election of a government serves to	all of the above.
A command for the elected official to carry out their platforms is called a(n)	mandate.
A primary in which only a party's registered voters are eligible to participate is called	closed.
The method of primary election that is healthiest for the party system is the ___________ primary.	closed
The process that allows citizens to propose legislation and submit it to the electorate for popular vote is called	initiative.
The procedure by which the state legislature submits proposed legislation for voter approval is called	referendum.
In some states, an incumbent can be removed from office by popular vote. This process is called	recall.
The most party-oriented means of choosing delegates to the national convention is	the caucus.
In 2000, __________ states used primaries to choose delegates to the national convention.	43
Critics of the presidential primary argue that	all of the above.
The parties' national conventions	merely ratify preselected nominees.
In recent years, states have had a tendency to choose early dates for their presidential primaries in order to gain influence in the process. This is called	front loading.
The first national convention was held in	1831.
Delegate slots to the Democratic national convention that are reserved for elected party officials are called	superdelegates.
The influence of television on the nominating conventions includes	all of the above.
The first woman keynote speaker at a national convention was in	1972.
Delegates to both of the national party conventions are	wealthier and ideologically more pure than most Americans.
The electoral college was a compromise designed to	all of the above.
The electoral college was designed to	produce a nonpartisan president.
In 1800, a flaw discovered within the electoral college resulted in	a president and vice president of different parties.
The electoral college was modified by the ________ Amendment.	12th
In the event that a single candidate does not get a majority of electoral votes, the Constitution states that the _________ decides the winner.	House of Representatives
A shifting of party coalitions in the electorate that remain in place for several elections are called	realignments.
An election that signals a lasting change in party coalitions is called	critical.
Realignments are caused by	all of the above.
In the history of the United States, there have been ___________ party alignments.	6
Congressional elections differ from those for the presidency, because	most candidates are not well known.
One of the reasons that congressional incumbents have an electoral advantage is	constituency service.
In 1994, the reelection rate for incumbents in Congress was _______%.	90
Incumbents in Congress have a variety of institutional means of self promotion, but incumbency advantage is also helped by	all of the above.
When an incumbent does lose an election, the explanation is often	redistricting.
In off-year elections, the party of the president generally	loses some congressional seats.
The 1994, congressional elections were characterized by	a huge Republican victory.
The 1996 congressional elections were characterized by	voters favoring the status quo.
In the 2000 congressional elections, the results in the Senate were a	50-50 partisan split.
About ________% of eligible Americans vote regularly.	40
Approximately _________% of eligible voters rarely or never vote.	35
In general, voter turnout is higher among those who are	older and wealthier.
In 1971, the voting age was lowered to eighteen by the _________ Amendment.	26th
The most important reasons why people don't vote are	registration rules.
Among proposals to increase voter turnout are changes in rules for	all of the above.
An important voting trend in the last few years is	ticket-splitting.
Since 1968, the percentage of voters who have voted a split-ticket in presidential years has been around ________%.	60
The FCC regulation requiring a broadcast station that gives or sells time to a candidate for public office to make available an equal amount of time under the same conditions to all candidates for that office is known as the	equal opportunities rule.

Created by: Megan Galyean

"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries: