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Where are somatic motor neuron cell bodies located?
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How do somatic motor neurons leave the spinal cord?
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autonomic nov 2
autnomic nov 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where are somatic motor neuron cell bodies located? | anterior gray horn |
| How do somatic motor neurons leave the spinal cord? | through the ventral root |
| The specialized synapse between a nerve and a muscle is called the ___________________. | neuro muscular junction(NMJ) |
| The neurotransmitter for the neuro muscular junction(NMJ)is __________________. | acetylcholine(ACH) |
| What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system? | sympathetic(fight or flight) parasympathetic(rest and digest) |
| All autonomic pathways contain a __________________ neuron and a __________________ neuron except for one. | preganglionic; postganglionic |
| Preganglionic neurons are ____________________. | myelinated |
| Postganglionic neurons are __________________. | unmyelinated |
| The autonomic nervous system can be thought of as ______________ system because it has both preganglionic and postganglionic neurons, with the exception of one. | two neuron |
| Somatic motor neurons are part of the autnomic nervous system. True or False | False They are not part of the autonomic nervous system. |
| Postganglionic neurons are going to synapse with an ___________. | effector(muscles or glands) |
| Preganglionic neurons in the ______________ division are located in the lateral gray horns of the spinal cord. | sympathetic |
| The lateral gray horns are located in the ______________ segments and the first two ______________ segments of the spinal cord. | 12 Thoracic(T1-T12); Lumbar(L1-L2) |
| Preganglionic neurons of the ________________ division are located within the four cranial nerve nuclei,______,_______,______,______, and the lateral gray horns of ____________________ segments of the spinal cord. | parasympathetic; Cranial nerve III, VII, IX, X; 2nd thru 4th Sacral(S2-S4) |
| Because the preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic region are located in some of the cranial nerves and some of the sacral segments, the parasympathetic division is also known as _________________. | the craniosacral division |
| There are 2 sympathetic chains, one on each side of the _________________ and one just anterior to the vertebral column near the aorta. | spinal cord |
| The sympathetic chain located anterior to the vertebral column near the aorta is called ____________________. | prevertebral ganglia |
| List the two groups of sympathetic ganglia. | 1)Sympathetic trunk ganglia 2)Prevertebral ganglia |
| The ______________________ ganglia innervates structures above the diaphragm. | sympathetic trunk |
| The ______________________ ganglia innervates structures below the diaphragm. | prevertebral |
| Preganglionic sympathetic neurons are _____________ than postganglionic neurons. | shorter |
| List the three important prevertebral ganglia(below the diaphragm). | -Celiac ganglion -Superior mesenteric ganglion -Inferior mesenteric ganglion |
| Preganglionic neurons do not have to synapse at the same level of the sympathetic chain ganglion it came out of. True or False | True Once preganglionic neurons come out onto the sympathetic chain, it may synapse anywhere on the sympathetic chain ganglion. |
| Preganglionic axons of the ___________________ division synapse with terminal ganglia. | parasympathetic |
| ___________ ganglia are located close to or within the wall of a visceral organ. | Terminal |
| Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons are ___________ than preganglionic sympathetic neurons. | longer |
| Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons are longer than preganglionic sympathetic neurons because they have to stretch all the way from the CNS to a ___________________. | terminal ganglion |
| When preganglionic sympathetic axons exit the intervertebral foramen to get to the nearest sympathetic trunk ganglion, they pass through a short pathway called _____________. | white ramus |
| The white ramus is white becuase the preganglionic fibers that go through there are _________________. | myelinated |
| The gray ramus is gray because the postganglionic neuro fibers that go through there are ______________________. | unmyelinated |
| When the axons of postganglionic neurons leave the sympathetic trunk to merge with the anterior ramus of the spinal nerve, they pass through a short pathway called ___________. | gray ramus |
| Postganglionic sympathetic neurons release a transmitter called ___________________ except for one exception. | norepinephrine(NE) |
| All preganglionic neurons, in either the sympathetic or parasympathetic division, release the neurotransmitter _____________. (Cholinergic Neurons in the ANS that release ACH - 1 out of 3 Rules) | Acetylcholine(ACH) |
| Any neuron that releases ACH is called a ____________________. | cholinergic neuron |
| All parasympathetic postganglionic neurons release ______________. (Cholinergic Neurons in the ANS that release ACH - 1 out of 3 Rules) | Acetylcholine(ACH) |
| Sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate sweat glands release _____________. (Cholinergic Neurons in the ANS that release ACH - 1 out of 3 Rules) This is the one exception where a postganglionic sympathetic neurons do not release norepinephrin | Acetylcholine(ACH) |
| What are the two classes of cholinergic receptors? | -Nicotinic Receptors -Muscarinic Receptors |
| __________________ receptors are found in the neurons of the postganglionic neurons of both parasymathetic and sympathetic and also in the neuro muscular junction(NMJ) | Nicotinic |
| The neuro muscular junction(NMJ) in the skeletal motor end plate are ________________ receptors. | nicotinic |
| ______________ receptors are found in sweat glands and all effectors that are innervated by postganglionic parasympathetic neurons. | muscarinic |
| Any neuron that releases norepinephrine(NE) is called an _______________ neuron. | adrenergic |
| _____________ receptors will bind both norepinephrine(NE) and epinephrine(Epi). | adrenergic |
| What are the two classes of adrenergic receptors? | -Alpha -Beta |
| Neurotransmitter Rules(1 out of 6) All preganglionic neurons release __________________ as their transmitter. | Acetylcholine(ACH) |
| Neurotransmitter Rules(1 out of 6) All postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system release _____________ as their transmitter. | Acetylcholine(ACH) |
| Neurotransmitter Rules(1 out of 6) Most postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system release ________________ as their transmitter with the exception of one. | Norepinephrine(NE) |
| Neurotransmitter Rules(1 out of 6) Postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system that innervate sweat glands release __________________ as their transmitter. This is the one exception. | Acetylcholine(ACH) |
| Neurotransmitter Rules(1 out of 6) _________________ is the principal transmitter released by the adrenal medulla. 80% of what is released is the principal transmitter, but the rest that is release is norepinephrine(NE) | Epinephrine(Epi) |
| Neurotransmitter Rules(1 out of 6) All motor neurons to skeletal muscles release _____________ as their transmitter. | Acetylcholine(ACH) |
| Receptor Rules(1 of 4) Nicotinic receptors are located on the cell bodies of all _________________ neurons of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems and on cells of the _______________. | postganglionic; adrenal medulla |
| Receptor Rules(1 of 4) _____________ receptors are located on skeletal muscle. | Nicotinic |
| Receptor Rules(1 of 4) Muscarinic receptors are located on all organs regulated by the _______________ nervous system and also on sweat glands. | parasympathetic |
| Receptor Rules(1 of 4) Adrenergic receptors are located on all organs, except sweat glands, regulated by the _______________ nervous system and also on organs regulated by epinephrine released from the _______________. | sympathetic; adrenal medulla |
| Anything that binds to and activates adrenergic receptors is called an adernergic agent or ______________. | sympathomimetic |
| Anything that binds to or activates cholinergic receptors is called a cholinergic agent or _________________. | parasympathoimetic |
| ________________ bind to and block adrenergic receptors | adrenergic blockers |
| _________________ bind to and block cholinergic receptors. | Anticholinergic agents or cholinergic blockers |
Created by:
jemnace