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Biological Effects

Biological Effects & Radiosensitivity

QuestionAnswer
mitosis non-reproductive cell replication
epithelial sheet-like arrangement of cells that line or cover body surfaces
free radicals extermely reactive atoms containing unpaired electrons in outer shell
RBE ionization effectiveness of one type of radiation as compaired to another
hematopoesis formation of blood cells in the red bone marrow
prodromal initial phase of radiation sickness characterized by nausea, voniting, diarrha
weight factor the number used accurately calculate radiation dose to different body parts
meoisis grem cell reproduction
differentation the process by which cells grow to become specialized
genetic effect seen in the descendants of exposed individuls
lymphocytes specialized white blood cell that produce antibodies to fight disease
somatic the effects of radiation on non-reproductive cells of an individual
gestation period between conception and birth
OER ratio comparing the radiation dose, tissue oxygenation, and tissue response
alopicia/epilation skin responce to radiation in which the hair falls out
erythroblast precursor cell to a red blood cell
erythema redness of skin after exposure to radiation
desqumation shedding of the outer layer of skin
mitotic death/genetic death cell death after a few divisions
spermatogoonia male germ cell
stem cell/precurser a type of primitive cell that can transform into and generate other cells
radiolysis the seperation of the cytoplasm molecules by an incoming photon
mutation changes in genes causes by the loss of a base in the DNA
catatactogenesis long term somatic effect on optic lens
probabilistic mutational, non-threshold random somatic effects in which the chance, but not severity, of effects increases with dose
protracted low dose of radiation continually delivered over a long time
latent/delayed effects seen in an individual months or years following exposure
stem cell precurser unidentified cells that become specialized for various body tissues
doubling dose quantity of radiation required to double the amount of mutations that occur naturally
gonads male or female reproductive organs
GSD the dose of radiation given to the entire population that would cause a genetic effect
direct radiation interacting w/out an intermediary on the macromolecules of a cell
dose responce curve graphic illustration of the responce of tissue to radiation
mature highly differentiated cells
non-stochastic deterministic somatic effects that can be directly related to the dose they recieve
manifest stage at which the effects of radiation are visibly seen
desqumation radiation syndrome responsible for a reduction in epithelial cells
leukemia cancer of the blood characterized be excessive numbers of white blood cells
radiolysis interaction of radiation with water
cell survival curve method of displaying the radiation sensitivity of a specific type of cell
latent period is which no visible effects of radiation syndrome are seen
mutation changes in genes caused by the loss of a basein the DNA chain
carcinogenesis process which leads to developement of cancer
stocastic randomly occuring mutational probabilistic biological effects
prodromal stage of radiation sickness occuring within hours after whole body absorbed dose
free radicals extremaly reactive atoms containing unpaired electrons in the outer shell
desqumation the shedding of the outer layer of the skin
epithelial radiosensitive tissue group tha lines and covers body tissue
erytherima skin reddening
Created by: pandajpa
 

 



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