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APGOV Ch. 9,10,11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Voter requirements | 18 or older, citizen of the state, resident, not a felon or in jail----DIFFERS from state to state. |
| Voter turnout definition | The percentage of citizens taking part in the election process; the number of eligible voters who actually turn out on election day to cast their ballot |
| Australian ballot | A secret ballot prepared, distributed, and tabulated by government officials at public expense. Since 1888, all US states have used the Australian ballot rather than an open, public ballot. |
| Coattail effect | The influence of a popular candidate on the electoral success of other candidates on the same party ticket. The effect is increased by the party-column ballot, which encourages straight-ticket voting. |
| Elector | A member of the electoral college, which selects the president and vice president. Each state’s electors are chosen in each presidential election year according to state laws. |
| Office-block ballot (Massachusetts) | A form of general-election ballot in which candidates for elective office are grouped together under the little of each office. It emphasizes voting for the office and the individual candidate, rather than for the party. |
| Party-column ballot (Indiana) | A form of general-election ballot in which all of a party’s candidates for elective office are arranged in one column under the party’s label and symbol. It emphasizes voting for the party, rather than for the office or individual. |
| Rational ignorance effect | An effect produced when people purposely and rationally decide not to become informed on an issue because they believe that their vote on the issue is not likely to be a deciding one; a lack of incentive to seek the necessary information to cast an intell |
| Registration | The entry of a person’s name onto the list of registered voters for elections. To register, a person must meet certain legal requirements of age, citizenship and residency. |
| Voter turnout | The percentage of citizens taking part in the election process; the number of eligible voters who actually “turn out” |
| “beauty contest” | A presidential primary in which contending candidates compete for popular votes but the results do not control the selection of delegates to the national convention |
| Battleground state | A state that is likely to be so closely fought that the campaigns devote exceptional effort to winning the popular and electoral vote there. |
| Caucus | A meeting of party members designed to select candidates and propose policies. |
| Closed primary | A type of primary in which the voter is limited to choosing candidates of the party of which he or she is a member. |
| Communications director | A professional specialist who plans communications strategy and advertising campaign for the candidate |
| Corrupt practices act | A series of acts passed by congress in an attempt to limit and regulate the size and sources of contributions and expenditures on political campaigns |
| Credentials committee | A committee used by political parties at their national conventions to determine which delegates may participate . the committee inspects the claim of each prospective delegates to be seated as a legitimate representative of his or her state. |
| Finance chairperson | The campaign professional who directs fundraising, campaign spending, and compliance with campaign finance laws and reporting requirements. |
| Focus group | A small group of individuals who are led in discussion by a professional consultant in order to gather opinion s on and responses to candidates and issues. |
| Front-loading | The practice of moving presidential primary elections to the early part of the campaign to maximize the impact of these primaries on the nomination. |
| Front-runner | The presidential candidate who appears to be ahead at a given time in the primary season. |
| Get Out the Vote (GOTV) | The phase describes the multiple efforts expanded by campaigns to get voters out to the polls on election day. |
| Hard money | This refers to political contributions and campaign spending that is recorded under the regulations set forth in law and by the federal election commission. |
| Hatch act | An act passed in 1939 that restricted the political activities of government employees. It also prohibited a political group from spending more than $3 million in any campaign and limited individual contributions to a campaign committee to $5,000. |
| Independent expenditures | Nonregulated contributions from PACs, organizations and individuals. The funds may be spent on advertising on other campaign activities, so long as those expenditures are not coordinated with those of a candidate. |
| Issue advocacy advertising | Advertising paid for by interest groups that support or oppose a candidate or a candidate’s position on an issue without mentioning voting or elections. |
| Open primary | A primary in which any registered voter can vote, but must vote for candidates of only one party. |
| PAC | A committee set up by and representing a corporation, labor union, or special-interest group. PACs raise and give campaign donations. |
| Political consultant | A paid professional hired to devise a campaign strategy and manage a campaign |
| Pollster | The person or firm who conducts public opinion polls for the campaign |
| Press secretary | The individual who interacts directly with the journalist covering the campaign |
| Soft money | Campaign contributions unregulated by federal or state law, usually given to parties and party committees to help fund general party activities. |
| Super delegate | A party leader or elected official who is given the right to vote at the party’s national convention. Super delegates are not elected at the state level. |
| Tracking poll | A poll taken for the candidate on a nearly daily basis as election day approaches. |
| Bias | An inclination or a preference that interferes with impartial judgment |
| Electronic media | Communication channels that involve electronic transmissions such as radio, television, and, to and increasing extent, the internet. |
| Managed news | Information generated and distributed by the government in such a way as to give government interest priority over candor. |
| Media access | The public’s right of access to the media. The federal communications commission and the courts have gradually taken the stance that citizens do have a right to media access |
| Narrowcasting | Broadcasting that is targeted to one small sector of the population. |
| Podcasting | A method of distributing multimedia files, such as audio or video files, for downloading onto mobile devices or personal computers. |
| Press Secretary | The presidential staff member responsible for handling white house media relations and communications |
| Public agenda | Issues that are perceived by the political community as meriting public attention and governmental action. |
| Sound bite | A brief, memorable comment that can easily be fit into news broadcasts. |
| Spin | An interpretation of campaign events or election results that is favorable to the candidate’s campaign strategy |
| Spin doctor | A political campaign advisor who tries to convince journalists of the truth of a particular interpretation of events |
| White house press corps | The reporters assigned full time to cover the presidency |
| Yellow journalism | A term for sensationalistic, irresponsible journalism. Reputedly, the term is an allusion to the cartoon the “yellow kid” in the New York World. |
| Buckeley V. Valeo | Declared the part of FECA stating that the amount candidates spend on their election is limited is unconstitutional. |
| Blanket Primary | The voters can vote for candidates of more than one party. |
| Citizens United v. FEC | Allows corporations, unions, and groups to spend unlimited money in campaign advertising as long as it is not coordinated with a campaign. |
| Eligibility requirements for President | |
| Eligibility requirements for Vice President | |
| Eligibility requirements for Senator | |
| Eligibility requirements for Representative | |
| Federal Election Campaign act of 1971 | |
| Amendments to FECA in 1974 | |
| FECA and the amendments to it have set up 3 principles. | |
| Rules for a PAC to be legitimate | |
| Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 | |
| Presidential primary |
Created by:
andrewhalos02