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chemistry5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Moving left to right, what happens? | Atomic radius decreases, ionization energy increases, electronegativity increases |
| Moving to to bottom, what happens? | atomic radius increases, ionization energy decreases, and electronegativity decreases |
| the properties of the elements exhibit what? | trends |
| trends can be predicted using the what? | periodic table |
| trends can be understood by analyzing the what? | electron configurations |
| Left to right across a table, electrons are ______ one at a time | added |
| moving down a column in the periodic table, the outermost electrons become what? | less tightly bound to the nucleus |
| ________ - half of the distance between the centers of two atoms of that element that are just touching each other | atomic radius |
| he atoms with the largest atomic radii are located where? | in Group I and a t the bottom of groups |
| the _______ ____, or ionization potential, is the energy required to completely remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion | ionization energy |
| the closer and more tightly bound an electron is means what about the ionization energy? | more difficult it will be to remove and the higher the ionization energy |
| what is the first ionization energy | energy required to remove one electron from the parent atom |
| what is the second ionization energy? | energy required to remove a second valence electron from the univalent ion to form the divalent ion, and so on |
| the _______ ionization energy is always greater than the ______ | second; first |
| leads to decreased radius of atom | cation formation |
| leads to increased radius of atom | anion formation |
| the radius of an ____ is greater than the regular atom because the total positive charge remains same while the total negative charge increases | anion |
| ______ ________ reflects the ability of an atom to accept an electron | electron affinity |
| atoms with ____ effective nuclear chage have greater electron affinity | stronger |
| the _____ ______ ______ have low electron affinity values | alkaline earth metals |
| the ______ have high electrons affinities because the addition of an electron to an atom results in a completely filled shell | halogen |
| the _____ ______ have electron affinities near zero, since each atom possesses a stable octets and will not accept an electron readily | noble gases |
| ________ is a measure of the attraction of an atom for the electrons in a chemical bond. | electronegativity |
| the _______ the electronegative of an atom, the greater its attraction for bonding electrons | higher |
| when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, their properties show a periodic pattern | periodic law |
| the periodic table is organized into ____ periods, and ____ major groups, or columns | 7;18 |
| elements in a group have similar properties; especially the elements in what groups | alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, nobel gases |
| ______ are lustrous, ductile, malleable, and are good conductors of heat and electricity. where are they found on the table? | metals; left side |
| _______ have a diverse set of properties but do not resemble metals. where are they found? | upper right side of the table |
| ________ have some of the properties of metals and nonmentals | semimetals |
| why do elements in a group have similar properties? | they have the same number of valence electrons |
| the groups can be organized into what blocks based on how valence electrons fill each sublevel | -s,-p,-d,-f |
| a ______ _______ us a property that changes predictably as you move across a period or down a group of periodic table | periodic trend |
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jackjack109
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