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2.1
Composition of Matter
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Mass | a measure of the amount of matter in an object; a fundamental property of an object that is not affected by the forces that act on the object, such as the gravitational force |
| Element | a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number |
| Atom | the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element |
| Nucleus | in physical science, an atom's central region, which is made up of proton and neutrons |
| Proton | a subatomic particle taht has a positve charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom; the number of protons of the nucleus is the atomic number, which determines the identity of an element |
| Neutron | a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom |
| Atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; the atomic number is the same for all atoms of an element |
| Mass number | the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Electron | a subatomic particle that has a negative charge |
| Orbital | a region in the atom where there is a high probability of findnig electrons |
| Isotope | an atom that has the same number of protons (or the same atomic number) as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons (and thus a different atomic mass) |
| Compound | a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |
| Chemical bond | the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together |
| Covalent bond | a bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
| Molecule | a group of atoms that are held together by chemical forces; a molecule is the smallest unit of matter that can exist by itself and retain all of a substance's chemical properties |
| Ion | an atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge |
| Ionic bond | the attractive forces between oppositely charged ions, which form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
Created by:
BarbaraC16
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