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Chemistry - Chap 7

Section 1 - Chemical Names and Formulas

QuestionAnswer
To describe the atomic makeup of compounds, chemists use what Systematic methods for naming compounds and for writing chemical formulas
Chemical formula indicates The relative number of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound
What does the chemical formula reveal in a molecular compound The number of atoms of each element contained in a single molecule of teh ocmpound
The ionic compounds consists of Lattice of positive and negative ions held together by mutual attraction
The chemical formula for an ionic compound represents what one formula The simplest ratio of the compound's positive ions (cations) and its negative ions (anions).
When there is no subscript written next to an atom's symbol, the value of the subscript is 1
By gaining or losing electrons many main-group elements form ions with noble-gas configurations.
Ions formed from a single atom monatomic ions
Rather than gain or lose electrons, atoms of carbon and silicon form covalent bonds in which they share electrons with other atoms
Monoatomic cations are identified by The element's name
How is monatomic anionss named The ending of the element's name is dropped. The ending ide is added to the root name
How is the names and symbols of the common monatomic cations and anions organized According to their charges
Compounds composed of two elements are known as binary compounds
In a binary compound the total number of positive charges and negative charges must Be equal
When writing the formulas for binary ionic compounds the charges of the ions are Not included in the formula
Another name for naming system is nomenclature
The naming system of binary ionic compounds involves Combining teh names of the compound's positive and negative ions. The name of teh cation is given first, followed by the name of the anion.
Write the formula for the binary ionic compound: Potassium and iodine KI
Write the formula for the binary ionic compound: Magnesium and chlorine MgCl2
Write the formula for the binary ionic compound: Sodium and sulfur Na2S
Write the formula for the binary ionic compound: aluminum and sulfur AI2S3
Write the formula for the binary ionic compound: aluminum and nitrogen AIN
Name the binary ionic compounds indicated by: AgCI silver chloride
Name the binary ionic compounds indicated by: ZnO zinc oxide
Name the binary ionic compounds indicated by: CaBr2 calcium bromide
Name the binary ionic compounds indicated by: SrF2 strontium fluoride
Name the binary ionic compounds indicated by: BaO barium oxide
Name the binary ionic compounds indicated by: CaCI2 calcium chloride
To distinquish the ions that are formed from elements that form two or more cations scientists use The Stock System of nomenclature
The Stock System uses what to indicate an ion's charge A Roman numeral
Where is the Roman numeral placed in the Stock System when indicating a charge The numeral is enclosed in parentheses and placed immediately after teh metal name
Names of metals that commonly form only one cation do not include a Roman Numeral
There is no element that commonly forms more than one monatomic anion
Write the formula and give the name for the compounds formed between: Cu2+ and Br- CuBr2, cooper (II) bromide
Write the formula and give the name for the compounds formed between: Fe2+ and O2- FeO, iron (II) oxide
Write the formula and give the name for the compounds formed between: Pb2+ and CI- PbCI2, lead (II) chloride
Write the formula and give the name for the compounds formed between: Hg2+ and S2 HgS, mercury (II) sulfide
Write the formula and give the name for the compounds formed between: Sn2+ and F- SnF2, tin (II) fluoride
Write the formula and give the name for the compounds formed between: Fe3+ and O2-Fe2 Fe2O3, iron (III) oxide
Give the names for the compounds: CuO copper (II) oxide
Give the names for the compounds: CoF3 cobalt (III) fluoride
Give the names for the compounds: SnI4 tin (IV) iodide
Give the names for the compounds: FeS iron (II) sulfide
Polyatomic ions that contain oxygen oxyanions
The name of the ion with the greater number of oxygen atoms ends in -ate
The name of the ion with the smaller number of oxygen atoms ends in -ite
An anion that has one fewer oxygen atom than the -ite anion has is given the prefix hypo-
An anion that has one more oxygen atom than the -ate anion has is given the prefix per-
When multiples of a polyatomic ion are present in a compound the formula for the polyatomic ion is Enclosed in parentheses
Write formula for: sodium iodide NaI
Write formula for: calcium chloride CaCI2
Write formula for: potassium sulfide K2S
Write formula for: lithium nitrate LiNO3
Write formula for: copper (II) sulfate CuSO4
Write formula for: Sodium carbonate Na2CO3
Write formula for: calcium nitrite Ca(NO2)2
Write formula for: potassium perchlorate KCIO4
Ag2 Ag2O Silver oxide
Ca(OH)2 calcium hydroxide
KCIO3 potassium chlorate
NH4OH ammonium hydroxide
Fe2(CrO4)3 iron (III) chromate
KCIO potassium hypochlorite
What do chemist use to nae binary molecules Two nomenclature systemss
The prefix mono- indicates one oxygen atom
The prefix di- indicates two oxygen atoms
The prefix tri - indicates three
The prefix tetra- Four
The prefix penta- Five
The prefix hexa- Six
The prefix hepta- Seven
The prefix octa- Eight
The prefix mona- Nine
The prefix deca- Ten
Name the binary molecular compound: SO3 sulfur trioxide
Name the binary molecular compound: ICI3 iodine Trichloride
Name the binary molecular compound: PBr5 phosphorus pentabromide
Carbon tetraiodide CI4
phosphorus trichloride PCI3
dinitrogen trioxide N2O3
Acids that consist of two elements, usually hydrogen and one of the halogens Binary acids
Acids that contain hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element (usually a nonmetal) Oxyacids
An ionic compound composed of a cation and the anion from an acid is referred to as salt
Created by: tbstinso
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