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CH 7 Quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reference group | a group whose presumed perspectives or values are being used by an individual as the basis for his or her current behavior. |
| Primary groups | the people you hang out with the most. Family, friends. |
| Secondary groups | the people who you have weaker ties with. Professional and neighborhood contact. |
| Group | two or more individuals who share a set of norms, values, or beliefs and have certain implicitly or explicitly defined relationships with one another that their behaviors are interdependent. |
| Dissociative reference groups | groups with negative desirability |
| Aspiration reference groups | Non-membership groups with a positive attraction. |
| Consumption subculture | a distinctive subgroup of society that self-selects on the basis of a shared commitment to a particular product class, brand, or consumption activity. |
| Brand community | a non-geographically bound community, based on a structured set of social relationships among owners of a brand and the psychological relationship they have with the brand itself, the product in use, and the firm. |
| Community | characterized by consciousness of kind, shared rituals and traditions, and a sense of moral responsibility. |
| Online community | a community that interacts over time around a topic of interest on the Internet. |
| Online social network site | Web-based service that allows individuals to construct a public/semipublic profile w/in a bounded system, articulate a list of other users w/ whom they share a connection & view & traverse their list of connections & those made by others w/in the system. |
| Informational influence | occurs when an individual uses the behaviors and opinions of reference group members as potentially useful bits of information. |
| Normative influence | (utilitarian influence) occurs when an individual fulfills group expectations to gain a direct reward or to avoid a sanction. |
| Identification influence | (value-expressive influence) occurs when individuals have internalized that group’s values and norms |
| Asch phenomenon | The order of the announcement is arranged so that the naïve subject responds last. The naïve subject almost always agrees with the incorrect judgment of the others. |
| Word-of-mouth communications | individuals sharing information with other individuals in a verbal form, including face-to-face, phone, and the Internet. |
| Opinion leader | an individual who filters, interprets, and provide product and brand-relevant information to their family, friends, and colleagues. |
| Two-step flow of communication | the process of one person’s receiving information from the mass media or other source and passing it on to others |
| Multistep flow of communication | opinion leaders for a particular product area who actively seek relevant information from the mass media as well as other sources. |
| Enduring involvement | The most salient characteristic is greater long-tern involvement with the product category than the non-opinion leaders in the group. |
| Market mavens | These provide significant amount of information to others across a wide array of products, including durables and nondurables, services, and store types. Opinion leaders for more than one product. |
| Buzz | the exponential expansion of WOM. |
| Innovation | an idea, practice, or product perceived to be new by the relevant individual or group. |
| Adoption process | a tern used to describe extended decision making when a new product is involved. |
| Diffusion process | the manner in which innovation spread throughout a market. |
| Adopter categories | The 5 groups that adopters are divided into based on the time at which they adopt |
| Innovators | venturesome risk takers |
| Early adopters | opinion leaders in local reference groups. |
| Early majority | these tend to be cautious about innovations. |
| Late majority | members that are skeptical about innovations |
| Laggard | locally oriented and engage in limited social interaction. |
| Viral marketing | an online “pass-it-along” strategy. |
| Blogs | personalized journals where people and organizations can keep a running dialogue. |
| Consumer review sites | these provide consumer product and service reviews in a host of different formats. |