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Anatomy Exam 3
Nasal and oral cavities
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the ____ is the organ of smell and he inlet of the respiratory system | nose |
| the nasal cavity is formed by different _____ and ____ bones,including, nasal, cribriform and perpendicular plates of ethmoid bone, vomer, part of sphenoid and frontal, and maxillary bones; and by different ______ | facial; cranial; cartilages |
| the nasal cavity has two openings: | nares/nostrils; choanae |
| ______ are the opening of the nasal cavity to outside | nares/nostrils |
| the posterior nasal orifices | choanae |
| the ____ cavity is divided into two cavities by the nasal septum | nasal |
| each nasal cavity has: | roof, floor, lateral and septal wall |
| the ____ of the nasal cavity is formed by the bridge of nose anteriorly, cribriform plate in the middle | roof |
| the ____ of the nasal cavity is formed by the palatine process maxilla and the horizontal plate of palatine bone | floor |
| there are ___ nasal conchae on each nasal cavity, which are formed of thin bone | 3 |
| 3 nasal conchae | superior, middle, and inferior conchae |
| the three nasal conchae project medially from the _____ wall of the nasal cavity and covered by mucus membrane | nasal |
| the area below each concha is referred to as a _____ | meatus |
| the ____ ____ is located in the midline between the two nasal cavities | nasal septum |
| the nasal septum is formed by: | perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone, part of sphenoid bone, vomer, and anterior cartilaginous portion |
| the nasal cavity is lined by two types of mucosa: | olfactory and repsiratory |
| located near roof of nasal cavity and contains olfactory (smell) receptors, supplied by the 1st cranial N (olfactory N) | olfactory mucosa |
| lines the lower part of the nasal cavity and it is lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and is supplied by branches from the trigeminal N (V) | respiratory mucosa |
| the nose and nasal cavity provides an airway for ______ | respiration |
| the nose and nasal cavity: smell sensation by the ______ receptors | olfactory |
| the nose and nasal cavity: moistens and warms air: rich in _____ and _____ membran | vasculature and mucus |
| the nose and nasal cavity filters the inhaled air from _____ | pollutants |
| the nose and nasal cavity: resonating chamber for ____ ____ | speech sounds |
| _____ sinuses are air-filled spaces lined with mucous membranes located within some bones of the skull. | paranasal |
| paranasal sinuses include: | frontal, maxillary, sphenoid and ethmoid |
| functions of the paranasal sinuses | resonators of the voice and they reduce the skulls weight |
| the oral cavity is bounded ____ by the lips | anteriorly |
| both sides of the cheeks are the _____ boundaries of the oral cavity | lateral |
| the superior boundary of the oral cavity is the _____ | palate |
| the inferior boundary of the oral cavity is the _____ and the posterior boundary is the ____ | tongue; oropharynx |
| the oral cavity includes: | teeth, tongue, salivary glands, mucous membrane |
| the lips are red in color owing to their high _____ | vasucularity |
| the upper lip is connected to the ____ _____ of the maxilla by the superior labial frenulum | alveolar ridge |
| the lower lip is connected to the ____ of the mandible by the inferior labial frenulum | midline |
| the _____ is formed of small flap of connective tissue | frenulum |
| muscles of the lips include: | orbicularis oris and elevator and depressor muscles |
| elevator muscles of the lips | levator labii superioris, levator labii anguli, zygomatic major and minor and risorius |
| depressor muscles of the lips | depressor labii anguli oris, depressor libii inferioris and the mentalis muscle |
| functions of the lips | articulation and mastication |
| _____ of the lips plays an important role in articulation of many sounds such as /P/, /b/, /m/, and /W/ owing to their mobility and rich musculature | articulation |
| _____ closes the mouth and keeping the food and fluids inside the oral cavity | mastication |
| facial _____ might cause dripping of saliva, deviation of the angle of the mouth, and difficulty to articulate labial sounds | paralysis |
| the ____ is a versatile organ partially located in the oral cavity and partially in the pharynx | tongue |
| the tongue has specialized functions as a ____ organ and organ for ____ | taste; speech |
| the tongue also has an important role in deglutition or _____ and ____ of the teeth | swallowing; cleaning |
| the mucosa on the tongue contain ____ ____, which are specialized receptors for taste sensation | taste buds |
| the tongue is formed of two symmetrical sides attached in the midline by the ____ ____ ____ which give attachment to some of its muscles | median fibrous septum |
| tip of the tongue | outer most part of the tongue |
| blade of the tongue | lies below the alveolar ridge |
| front of the tongue | part that located below the had palate |
| back of the tongue | behind the soft palate |
| dorsum of the tongue | superior surface of the tongue |
| body of the tongue | forms the major portion of the tongue |
| oral tongue | forms the anterior 2/3 and located in the oral cavity |
| pharyngeal tongue | posterior pharyngeal 1/3 located in the pharynx |
| root of the tongue | attached to the hyoid bone |
| the ____ is attached to the mandible at the root by the lingual frenulum, which is a band of connective tissue fibers | tongue |
| two types of muscles in the tongue | extrinsic and intrinsic |
| _____ muscles include the muscle that connect the tongue to other structures. They move the tongue in different directions in the oral cavity to help in performing its different functions | extrinsic |
| _____ muscles include the muscles that have attachment within the tongue itself. They control the fine movements of the tongue | intrinsic |
| extrinsic muscles of the tongue | genioglossus, platoglossus, hyoglossus, and styloglossus |
| intrinsic muscles of the tongue | superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse, vertical |
| Due to its incredible ability to move in numerous way and in fast rate, the tongue is considered the most important organ in ______ | articulation |
| the body of the tongue can move in a _____ plane to make the tongue protruded or retracted | horizontal |
| the tongue can move in a ____ plane moving the tongue upward and downward | vertical |
| the tongue body can be _____ or _____ in relation to the palate | concave; convex |
| The ____ and the ____ of the tongue can also move in the horizontal and vertical planes | tip; blade |
| During speech production, the ____ moves in a combination of different positions | tongue |
| During vowel production, the tongue body moves in the ____ and ____ planes | horizontal; vertical |
| during production of alveolar stops (/t/ and /d/), the tip and the body move in a _____ way | complex |
| production of fricative sounds (/s/) needs more complex movement between different ____ of the tongue | muscles |
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