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Chem Ch.5
chapter 5
| energy level | the specific energies an electron in an atom or other system can have |
| quantum mechanical model | the modern description primarily mathematical of the behavior of the electrons in atoms |
| atomic orbital | a mathematical expression describing the probability of finding an electron at various locations usually represented by the region of space around the nucleus where there is a high probability of finding an electron |
| electron configurations | the arrangement of electrons of an atom in its ground state into various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms |
| Aufbau principle | the rule that electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first |
| Pauli exclusion principle | an atomic orbital may describe at most two e electrons each with opposite spin direction |
| hund's rule | electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number or elect with the same spin direction as large as possible |
| electromagnetic radiation | energy waves that travel in vacuum at a speed of 3.00 x 10^8 m/s includes radio waves microwaves infrared waves visible light ultraviolet waves x-rays and gamma rays |
| amplitude | the hight of a wave's crest |
| wavelength | the distance between adjacent crests of a wave |
| frequency | the number of wave cycles that pass a given point per unit of time frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional to each other |
| hertz | the unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second |
| spectrum | wavelengths of visible light that are separated when a beam of light passes through a prism range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation |
| atomic emission spectrum | the pattern formed when light passes through a prism or diffraction grating to separate it into the different frequencies of light it contains |
| ground satte | the lowest possible energy of an atom described by quantum mechanics |
| photons | a quantum of light a discrete bundle of electromagnetic energy that interacts with matter similarly to particles |
| Heisenberg uncertainty principle | it is impossible to know exactly both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time |
| Electromagnetic radiation | C= wavelength X frequency .........C= The speed of light 3.0X10^8 |
| Directly related | frequency and energy |
| Planck Constant | E=n h v.......... H=Planck's constant= 6.626x10^-34 Js |
| Energy level | n=1-2e- n=2-8e- n=3-18e- n=4-32e- n=5-50e- n=6-72e- n=7-98e- |
| SubLevels | s= spherical p=peanut d=double peanut f=flower |
| Orbital | s=1 p=3 d=5 f=7 (Think All are ODD numbers) |
| quantum | the amount of energy needed to move an electron from one energy level to another |
Created by:
KatReid
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