Help
Options
Question
When you take apart the medical term "agranulocyte" you have "a" which means __, "granul" which means small grain, and "cyte" which means __.
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Question
Most leukocytes release molecules that facilitate their roles as defenders of the body. What type of substance is released by neurotrophils?
Remaining cards (76)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anatomy Ch. 18
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When you take apart the medical term "agranulocyte" you have "a" which means __, "granul" which means small grain, and "cyte" which means __. | without, cell |
| Most leukocytes release molecules that facilitate their roles as defenders of the body. What type of substance is released by neurotrophils? | lysozyme, an enzyme that destroys bacterial cell walls |
| From lungs to cells throughout the body. Substance: | oxygen |
| Metabolic waste produced by the cells of the body, eliminated by the lungs. Substance: | carbon dioxide |
| Metabolic wastes such as lactic acid and keytones produced by cells, eliminated by the kidneys. Substance: | acids |
| Secreted from endocrine cells, to cells with receptors for them (target cells). Substance: | hormones |
| Absorbed by cells of the digestive tract, to all cells of the body. Substance: | water and nutrients |
| Formed elements are constantly produced in __ because __. | red bone marrow; w/exception of some lymphocytes, all formed elements have a short life span |
| A __ develops into two other types of stem cells: a __ stem cell and a __ stem cell. | hemocytoblast, myeloid, lymphoid |
| Compared to water, blood is: | more viscous and demonstrates greater resistance to flow |
| Makes up about 4% of all plasma proteins. | fibrinogen |
| Forms about 37% of all plasma proteins. 2nd largest. | globulins |
| Makes up about 58% of plasma proteins. Most abundant. | albumins |
| Makes up less than 1% of plasma proteins. | regulatory proteins |
| What is the correct medical term for red blood cell? | erythrocyte |
| "The percentage of erythrocytes in whole blood" is the __ definition of hematocrit, whereas "the percentage of formed elements in whole blood" is the __ definition of a hematocrit. | clinical, medical dictionary |
| What are the three formed elements? | erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets |
| List the five types of leukocytes in order from most to least abundant: | neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil |
| When a blood smear is stained, platelets: | exhibit a dark central region and are more numerous than leukocytes |
| In order from most to least abundant, the components of plasma are: | water, proteins, small solutes and gases |
| Plasma makes up __% of blood. | 55 |
| Formed elements make up __% of blood. | 45 |
| Erythrocytes make up __% of blood. | 44 |
| Leukocytes and platelets make up __% of blood. | <1% |
| The red color of arterial blood is due to the presence of __ in erythrocytes. | hemoglobin |
| What best explains the similarities between plasma and interstitial fluid? | interstitial fluid is made primarily from plasma and fluid is constantly exchanged between plasma and interstitial fluid |
| Identify the membrane-bound components of whole blood. | erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets |
| The process of leukocyte production is called __. | leukopoesis |
| Which component of blood is primarily responsible for its regulatory functions? | plasma |
| The term hematocrit is composed of the prefix, hemato-, which means relating to the __, and the suffix -crit, derived from krino, which means to __. | blood, separate |
| Which components of whole blood provide protective functions for the body? | leukocytes, platelets, and plasma |
| A platelet is about __ the size of an erythrocyte. | 1/4 |
| Relatively flat shape permits many cells to pass through small vessels at the same time. Physical feature: | biconcave disc shape |
| greater hemoglobin-carrying capacity. Physical feature: | lack of nucleus |
| Shorter diffusion distance between gas source or destination when erythrocyte membrane is right next to lining of blood vessel. Physical feature: | size relative to small blood vessels |
| Short diffusion distance reduces diffusion time for respiratory gases. | large surface area, small volume |
| By weight, plasma is approximately __% protein and __% water; other substances such as electrolytes, nutrients, gases and wastes make up a little less than __% of plasma. | 7, 92, 1 |
| The component of plasma that suspends all of the components of whole blood is __. | water |
| Identify the types of substances transported by blood: | metabolic wastes, gases, hormones, nutrients |
| Platelets not used to form a plug or blood clot in a broken vessel are broken down and recycled: thus new platelet synthesis, a process called __, occurs constantly. | thrombopoiesis |
| B+ | ABO antigen B, anti-A antibodies, Rh antigen D |
| B- | ABO antigen B, anti-A antibodies |
| AB- | ABO antigen A, ABO antigen B |
| O+ | Anti-A antibodies, anti-B antibodies, Rh antigen D |
| AB+ | ABO antigen A, ABO antigen B, Rh antigen D |
| A- | ABO antigen A, anti-B antibodies |
| O- | Anti-A antibodies, anti-B antibodies |
| A+ | ABO antigen A, anti-B antibodies, Rh antigen D |
| When erythrocytes are removed from circulation, what happens to the proteins that were in the plasma membrane? | they are hydrolyzed to amino acids, which can be used to make hemoglobin or any other protein |
| How do leukocytes and erythrocytes differ? (1) | most leukocytes are in tissue spaces, whereas most erythrocytes are in the blood stream; leukocytes defend the body against pathogens, erythrocytes transport respiratory gases |
| How do leukocytes and erythrocytes differ? (2) | mature leukocytes have a nucleus but mature erythrocytes do not; some leukocytes have granules in their cytoplasm, erythrocytes do not |
| Associated with each goblin polypetide of hemoglobin is a ring-shaped, non-protein structure called a __ group, at the center of which is __. | heme, an iron ion |
| Each hemoglobin molecule can transport a maximum of __ oxygen molecules. | 4 |
| Whole blood consists of: | formed elements and plasma |
| What describes the surface antigens of erythrocytes? | a molecule that extends from the membrane into the bloodstream; a molecule that reacts with antibodies and/or immune cells |
| When leukocytes arrive at the source of signaling molecules that attracted them to the site of tissue injury or invasion, they squeeze between cells forming the lining of small blood vessels; "a leaping through" | diapedesis |
| A blood sample containing erythrocytes with only surface antigen A on the plasma membrane is ABO blood type __. | A |
| The cells in the organs that remove old/damaged erythrocytes are called __; the prefix of the name of this cell type means __ and the suffix means to __. | macrophages, large, eat |
| In a healthy adult, what percentage of leukocytes will be monocytes? | 2-8% |
| Anitbodies are a type of plasma protein known as __ globulins and are produced by __ lymphocytes. | gamma, B |
| The category of plasma component least likely, under normal conditions, to be present in the same amount in interstitial fluid is __. | protein |
| Small; transport lipids and mineral ions. Globulin: | alpha globulins |
| Large; transport iron and lipids. Globulin: | beta globulins |
| Also known as antibodies; produced by immune cells and can bind to antigens of pathogens. Globulin: | gamma globulins |
| The erythrocytes of an individual who is Rh negative (Rh-) __ the erythrocyte antigen D. | does not have |
| Erythrocytes circulate in the bloodstream for approximately __ __. | 120 days |
| Platelets are formed from megakaryocyte extensions by: | mechanical shearing or splicing by blood flow |
| Identify components of plasma that will be found in interstitial fluid but not in the same concentrations as in the plasma: | oxygen, proteins, carbon dioxide |
| Monocytes become active phagocytic cells called __. | macrophages |
| Blood type AB can give blood to: | AB |
| Blood type AB can receive blood from: | AB, A, B, and O |
| Blood type A can give blood to: | A and AB |
| Blood type A can receive blood from: | A and O |
| Blood type B can give blood to: | B and AB |
| Blood type B can receive blood from: | B and O |
| Blood type O can give blood to: | AB, A, B, and O |
| Blood type O can receive blood from: | O |
Created by:
khinson