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Medical Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The microscopic examination of living tissue is referred to as a | biopsy |
| Gastrectomy is a | Gastric resection |
| An increase in numbers of malignant white blood cells is | Leukemia |
| Pain in a joint is known as | Arthralgia |
| A pathologist is a physician who | examines biopsy samples microscopically and examines dead bodies to determine the cause of death. |
| ____ is an inflammation of the nose | Rhinitis |
| ____ is an abnormal condition of the kidney | Nephrosis |
| The removal of a gland is referred to as a | Adenectomy |
| The voice box is also known as the: | Larynx |
| Viscera refers to the | internal organs |
| Sarcoma is a | cancerous (malignant) tumor. Grows from cells of "fleshy" connective tissue such as muscle, bone, and fat. |
| An epithelial cell is a | skin cell |
| ____ is a term which pertains to a plane that divides the body into right and left portions | sagittal |
| Genes are composed of | Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
| Catabolism primarily occurs in which part of the cell? | Mitochondria |
| The tailbone is the | coccyx |
| The pleural cavity is the space | Between the membranes around the lungs |
| Kidney | ren/o |
| nose | rhin/o |
| disease | path/o |
| urinary tract | ur/o |
| study of tumors | oncology |
| brain disease | encephalopathy |
| cancerous condition of white blood cells | leukemia |
| pertaining to produced by treatment | iatrogenic |
| If you sleep in a prone position, you are lying on your | belly |
| The peritoneum | surrounds the abdominal viscera |
| A substance which is known to induce malignant tumors is called | carcinogenic |
| A picture of the chromosomes in the cell nucleus is a | karyotype |
| The diaphragm lies _______ to the organs in the thoracic cavity | inferior |
| An adverse condition that is induced in a patient by the treatment of a physician is called | iatrogenic |
| A patient complains of pain near his navel area. This can be described as ______ pain | umbilical |
| A patient with hyperthyroidism should consult the following specialist for treatment | endocrinologist |
| This type of tissue forms the linings of internal organs | epithelial |
| A patient is experiencing severe headaches while exercising. He should consult a | neurologist |
| A patient with leukopenia has a/an of white blood cells | decrease in the number |
| Which term means painful breathing? | dyspnea |
| A rectocele is | protrusion of a portion of the rectum towards the vaginal wall. |
| Which type of cell makes antibodies? | leukocytes |
| Which term means a muscle that draws a limb TOWARD the body? | adductor |
| Occasionally patients who have a heart attack due to obstruction of their arteries are treated with a procedure called a/an | angioplasty |
| brady- | slow |
| mal- | bad |
| contra- | against |
| hemi- | half |
| Metamorphosis means | changes in shape or form |
| Retroperitoneal means | behind the abdomen |
| The term dyspnea means | difficulty breathing |
| The prefix brady- means | slow |
| Percutaneous means | through the skin. |
| An abductor muscle | carries a limb away from the body |
| Ultrasonography is a | sound waves and echoes are used to create an image. |
| Antibodies are | protein substances made by leukocytes |
| Epithelium | Are surface cells that line internal organs and are found in the skin. |
| -malacia | softening |
| -plasia | formation |
| -penia | deficiency |
| -trophy | nourishment or repair |
| Inter- | between |
| Infra- | below |
| Ad- | toward |
| Per- | through |
| is a hernia of the urinary bladder | cystocele |
| PPain in the ear | otalgia |
| Which of the following prefixes means death | necr/o |
| Which suffix means treatment? | -therapy |
| Which suffix means an instrument to visually examine | -scope |
| ____ means excessive developmen | hypertrophy |
| Which suffix means resembling? | -oid |
| Which of the following blood cells that produce antibodies? | Leukocytes |
| A person with a severe toothache may have | difficulty with mastication |
| If you have a class that ends immediately before lunch you may hear | borborygmus |
| Postprandial means | after a meal |
| Stomat/o- refers t | stomach |
| What happens if bilirubin cannot leave the body and remains in the bloodstream | jaundice |
| A synonym for jaundice is | icterus |
| Which term means difficulty in swallowing? | polyphagia |
| Cholecystectomy is a surgical procedure | removing the gall bladder |
| The muscular movement that transports food through the digestive system is called | peristalsis |
| Which term means swallowing | deglutition |
| What procedure may be used to remove kidney stones? | lithotripsy |
| _________ is a cancer of the kidney occurring in childhood | wilms tumor |
| Which term means frequent, voluntary urination at night | nocturia |
| Which combining form means pus | py/o |
| Waste products filtered and excreted by the normal kidney include | urea, creatinine, and uric acid |
| dips/o means | thirst |
| The collection of capillaries in the kidney that functions to filter water, salts, sugar, and nitrogenous waste from the blood is the | glomerulus |
| What is micturition? | urination, voiding |
| Protein in the urine is referred to as | albuminuria |
| Essential Hypertension | High blood pressure that is idiopathic |
| Swelling, fluid in tissues | edema |
| glycosuria | sugar in the urine, symptom of diabetes mellitus |
| pyuria | when urine is cloudy owing to prescense of WBCs and pus |
| pH | urine test that reflects the acidity or alkalinity of urine |
| ketonuria | high levels of acids and acetones accumulate in urine |
| Nephron | functional unit of the kidney, about one million in each kidney |
| Urethra | tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outsie of the body |
| Renal vein | Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney |
| Azotemia | another word for uremia |
| perivesical | means surrounding the urinary bladder |
| Example of an electrolyte | sodium |
| Urine is held in the bladder | urinary retention |
| a term that means no urine production | anuria |
| Visual examination of the urinary bladder is known as | cystoscopy |
| an X-ray of the urinary tract | intravenous pyelogram (IVP), |
| example of an artificial kidney machine | dialyser |
| Oliguria means | scanty urination |
| Which of the following is an example of nitrogenous waste | creatinine |
| The prefix –retro means | behind |
| Diabetes insipidus is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT | Glycosuria |
| Meatal stenosis is a | Narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body |
| is characterized by a group of symptoms marked by edema, proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia | Nephrotic syndrome |
| is a portion of the urinary bladder | trigone |
| Nephrosclerosis is | Hardening of blood vessels in the kidney |
| Which term refers to the fold of skin covering the tip of the penis | prepuce |
| The fetus secretes this hormone which is detected in modern pregnancy tests | hCG |
| The corpus luteum secretes this hormone monthly to build up the lining of the uterus | progesterone |
| A woman who has had three miscarriages and two live births is | gravida 5, para 2 |
| Occasionally men who are taking hormone supplements or other medications may develop enlarged breasts. This condition is known as ___. | gynecomastia |
| The procedure most commonly used to sterilize males is | vasectomy |
| Amniocentesis is a | surgical puncture of the uterus to obtain fluid for biochemical tests and cell culture during pregnancy |
| A(n) _____ is usually performed to examine the abdominal cavity with a surgical viewing instrument to aid in the diagnosis of pelvic disease or perform sterilization. | laparoscopy |
| A chancre is a/an | ulcer that is found on the genitals in patients with syphilis |
| Treatment of meningitis is dependent upon the selection of antibiotics or antifungal agents that penetrate | the blood-brain barrier |
| An abnormal sensation of tingling or prickling is | paresthesia |
| ____ is the thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges. | pia mater |
| The primary function of the medulla oblongata is to | control and regulate respiration, the heart rate, and the blood pressure |
| ____ is a sheet of nerve cells that produce a rounded fold on the surface of the cerebellum. | gyrus |
| Elderly patients who suffer from strokes often have paralysis that affects either the right or left side of the body called | hemiplegia |
| Efferent nerves carry impulses | away from the central nervous system |
| Which term means nerve pain? | neuralgia |
| _____ is the characterized by the destruction of myelin sheaths (demyelination) and its replacement by hard plaques. | Multiple sclerosis |
| is a highly malignant brain tumor. | Glioblastoma multiforme |
| ______ is a physician’s effort to turn the fetus during delivery. | cephalic version |
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