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Reduction-Oxidation

Redox related questions and definitions for AP Chem

QuestionAnswer
What does redox stand for? Is Oxygen always necessary? Redox is short for reduction-oxidation. Oxygen does not always have to be involved.
What happens in a redox reaction? A transfer of electrions occurs from one substance to another.
Which type of reaction is never a redox reaction? Is combustion a redox reaction? Double replacement reactions are never redox. Combustion is a redox reaction because oxygen is a reactant that is reducing, or acting as the oxidation agent.
What does LEO goes GER mean? LEO: Loss of electrons is oxidation GER: Gain of electrons is reduction
What is important to remember when assigning oxidation numbers according to the rules? The rules are hierarchical, and the rules that apply and appear first are more important and should not be broken.
Rule 1 The ____ of all the oxidation numbers in a compound must equal ______ 1. sum 2. zero
Rule 2 Free elements are _____ Zero
Rule 3 Ion charge is the ______ The oxidation number
Rule 4 Fluorine has an oxidation number of _____ as well as the other _______, as long as they are at the _____ of the molecule. 1. -1 2. ealogens 3. end
Rule 5 Oxygen is usually _____, unless it is combined with fluorine where it is ______ or in peroxides where it is _____. 1. -2 2. +2 3. -1
Rule 6 When hydrogen is a cation its number is ____, and when it is an anion its number is ____. 1. +1 2. -1
Rule 7 The ____ of the oxidation numbers must equal to the ____ of the anion. 1. sum 2. charge
Why do we need to assign oxidation numbers? So we can clearly see which elements are being oxidized and which are being reduced. When the charge increases, it was oxidized. When the charge decreases, it was reduced.
When assigning oxidation numbers to compounds with polyatomic ions, what must you do? 1. Remember to distribute the charge to all the atoms 2. Assign numbers to the outside elements first
Reduction When a substance gains electrons and the charge decreases
Oxidation When a substance loses electrons and the charge increases
Reducing Agent An element that makes the other element reduce its charge; the element that is being oxidized.
Oxidizing Agent An element that makes the other element increase its charge; the element that is being reduced.
What is a spectator? An element that is not reducing or oxidizing. Its charge remains the same consistently.
What is a half-reaction? A reaction with oxidation numbers that only shows the redox of a single element rather than the entirety.
Created by: Rehnuma32219
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