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Rhetorical Devices
AP English literary device definitions and examples.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| connotation vs. denotation | an idea or meaning suggested by or associated with a word or thing vs. literal definition of a word |
| pedantic vs. simple | characterized by a narrow, often ostentatious concern for book learning and formal rules vs. pure, easy, plain, basic |
| monosyllabic vs. polysyllabic | one syllable vs. more than one syllable |
| euphonious vs. cacaphonic | pleasing or agreeable to the ear vs. discordant, unpleasant sounding, jarring |
| literal vs. figurative | what you see vs. what you get from language, tone, symbol, etc. |
| active vs. passive | subject of the sentence is performing or causing the action rather than a state of being vs. subject is the object of the action or the effect of the verb |
| overstated vs. understated | exaggerated vs. expressed with restraint, lack of emphasis |
| colloquial vs. formal | informal, conversational vs. formal, proper langauge |
| non-standard slang / jargon | not adhering to the standard; usually associated with a language variety used by uneducated speakers or socially disfavored groups |
| alliteration | the recurrence of initial consonant sounds |
| onomatopoeia | the use of words which in their pronunciation suggest their meaning |
| basic order syntax | subject + verb + object |
| interrupted syntax | a sentence that is interrupted by a parenthetical aside |
| inverted syntax | begins with a part of speech other than the subject, often to create tension or suspense or to connect ideas between sentences more clearly |
| listing | a sentence with multiple phrases that create a list |
| cumulative / loose syntax | begins with subject and verb, and adds modifying elements at end |
| periodic syntax | opens with modifiers; withholds subject and verb until the end |
| parallelism-antithesis | establishes a clear, contrasting relationship between two ideas by joining them together or juxtaposing them, often in parallel structure |
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hcps-doylekr
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